今天小编要跟大家分享SQL Server 存储过程示例，精心挑选的过程简单易学，喜欢的朋友一起来学习吧！
--有输入参数的存储过程--create proc GetComment(@commentid int)asselect * from Comment where[email protected]--有输入与输出参数的存储过程--create proc[email protected]int,@count int outputasselect @count=count(*) from Comment where[email protected]--返回单个值的函数--create function MyFunction(@newsid int)returns intasbegindeclare @count intselect @count=count(*) from Comment where[email protected]@countend --调用方法--declare @count intexec @count=MyFunction 2print @count --返回值为表的函数--Create function GetFunctionTable(@newsid int)returns tableasreturn(select * from Comment where[email protected]) --返回值为表的函数的调用--select * from GetFunctionTable(2)
SQLServer存储过程中不拼接SQL字符串实现多条件查询
--以前拼接的写法set @sql=" select * from table where 1=1 "if (@addDate is not null) set @sql = @sql+ and addDate = + @addDate + if (@name \ and is not null) set @sql = @sql+ and name = + @name + exec(@sql)
下面是 不采用拼接SQL字符串实现多条件查询的解决方案
--第一种写法是 感觉代码有些冗余if (@addDate is not null) and (@name \) select * from table where addDate = @addDate and name = @nameelse if (@addDate is not null) and (@name ="") select * from table where addDate = @addDateelse if(@addDate is null) and (@name \) select * from table where and name = @nameelse if(@addDate is null) and (@name = \)select * from table--第二种写法是select * from table where (addDate = @addDate or @addDate is null) and (name = @name or @name = \)--第三种写法是SELECT * FROM table whereaddDate = CASE @addDate IS NULL THEN addDate ELSE @addDate END,name = CASE @name WHEN \ THEN name ELSE @name END
SQLSERVER存储过程基本语法
一、定义变量
--简单赋值declare @a intset @a=5print @a --使用select语句赋值declare @user1 nvarchar(50)select @user1= 张三print @user1declare @user2 nvarchar(50)select @user2 = Name from ST_User where ID=1print @user2 --使用update语句赋值declare @user3 nvarchar(50)update ST_User set @user3 = Name where ID=1print @user3
二、表、临时表、表变量
--创建临时表1create table #DU_User1( [ID] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Oid] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL , [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL , [ Name ] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL , [ Password] [nvarchar]( max ) NULL , [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL);--向临时表1插入一条记录insert into #DU_User1 (ID,Oid,[Login],Rtx, Name ,[ Password ],State) values (100,2, LS , 000 , 临时 , 321 , 特殊 ); --从ST_User查询数据，填充至新生成的临时表select * into #DU_User2 from ST_User where ID8 --查询并联合两临时表select * from #DU_User2 where ID3 union select * from #DU_User1 --删除两临时表drop table #DU_User1drop table #DU_User2 --创建临时表CREATE TABLE #t( [ID] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Oid] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL , [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL , [ Name ] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL , [ Password ] [nvarchar]( max ) NULL , [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL ,) --将查询结果集（多条数据）插入临时表insert into #t select * from ST_User--不能这样插入--select * into #t from --添加一列，为int型自增长子段alter table #t add [myid] int NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1)--添加一列，默认填充全球唯一标识alter table #t add [myid1] uniqueidentifier NOT NULL default (newid()) select * from #tdrop table #t--给查询结果集增加自增长列 --无主键时：select IDENTITY( int ,1,1) as ID, Name ,[Login],[ Password ] into #t from ST_Userselect * from #t --有主键时：select ( select SUM (1) from ST_User where ID= a.ID) as myID,* from ST_User a order by myID--定义表变量declare @t table( id int not null , msg nvarchar(50) null)insert into @t values (1, 1 )insert into @t values (2, 2 )select * from @t
三、循环
--while循环计算1到100的和declare @a intdeclare @ sum intset @a=1set @ sum =0while @a=100begin set @ sum[email protected]set @a+=1endprint @ sum
四、条件语句
--if,else条件分支if(1+1=2)begin print 对endelsebegin print 错end --when then条件分支declare @today intdeclare @week nvarchar(3)set @today=3set @week= case when @today=1 then 星期一 when @today=2 then 星期二 when @today=3 then 星期三 when @today=4 then 星期四 when @today=5 then 星期五 when @today=6 then 星期六 when @today=7 then 星期日 else 值错误endprint @week
五、游标
declare @ID intdeclare @Oid intdeclare @Login varchar (50) --定义一个游标declare user_cur cursor for select ID,Oid,[Login] from ST_User--打开游标open user_curwhile @@fetch_status=0begin--读取游标 fetch next from user_cur into @ID,@Oid,@Login print @ID --print @Loginendclose user_cur--摧毁游标deallocate user_cur
五、游标
declare @ID intdeclare @Oid intdeclare @Login varchar (50) --定义一个游标declare user_cur cursor for select ID,Oid,[Login] from ST_User--打开游标open user_curwhile @@fetch_status=0begin--读取游标 fetch next from user_cur into @ID,@Oid,@Login print @ID --print @Loginendclose user_cur--摧毁游标deallocate user_cur
六、触发器
触发器中的临时表：
Inserted
存放进行insert和update 操作后的数据
Deleted
存放进行delete 和update操作前的数据
--创建触发器Create trigger User_OnUpdateOn ST_Userfor Update Asdeclare @msg nvarchar(50)[email protected]select @msg = N 姓名从“ + Deleted. Name + N ”修改为“ + Inserted. Name + ” from Inserted,Deleted --插入日志表 insert into [LOG](MSG) values (@msg) --删除触发器drop trigger User_OnUpdate
七、存储过程
--创建带output参数的存储过程CREATE PROCEDURE PR_Sum @a int , @b int , @ sum int outputASBEGIN set @ sum[email protected][email protected]--创建Return返回值存储过程CREATE PROCEDURE PR_Sum2 @a int , @b intASBEGIN Return @[email protected]--执行存储过程获取output型返回值declare @mysum intexecute PR_Sum 1,2,@mysum outputprint @mysum --执行存储过程获取Return型返回值declare @mysum2 intexecute @mysum2= PR_Sum2 1,2print @mysum2
八、自定义函数
函数的分类：
1）标量值函数
2）表值函数
a:内联表值函数
b:多语句表值函数
3）系统函数
--新建标量值函数create function FUNC_Sum1( @a int , @b int)returns intasbegin return @[email protected]--新建内联表值函数create function FUNC_UserTab_1( @myId int)returns tableasreturn ( select * from ST_User where[email protected]) --新建多语句表值函数create function FUNC_UserTab_2( @myId int)returns @t table( [ID] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Oid] [ int ] NOT NULL , [Login] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL , [Rtx] [nvarchar](4) NOT NULL , [ Name ] [nvarchar](5) NOT NULL , [ Password ] [nvarchar]( max ) NULL , [State] [nvarchar](8) NOT NULL)asbegin insert into @t select * from ST_User where[email protected]returnend --调用表值函数select * from ()调用标量值函数 @s intset @s=(,) @s --删除标量值函数drop function FUNC_Sum1
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