ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
,
"
C:\\Temp\\result.xlt
"
);
Range
=
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
2
,
1
);
Range
.
PS(
"
RowHeight
"
,
25
);
在应用程序中控制Excel的运行,首先必须在编制自动化客户程序时包含Comobj.hpp
#include "Comobj.hpp"
C++ Builder把Excel自动化对象的功能包装在下面的四个Ole Object Class函数中,应用人员可以很方便地进行调用。
设置对象属性:void OlePropertySet(属性名,参数……);
获得对象属性:Variant OlePropertyGet(属性名,参数……);
调用对象方法:1) Variant OleFunction(函数名,参数……);
2) void OleProcedure(过程名,参数……);
在程序中可以用宏定义来节省时间：
#
definePGOlePropertyGet
#
definePSOlePropertySet
#
defineFNOleFunction
#
definePROleProcedure
举例：
ExcelApp
.
OlePropertyGet(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
OleFunction(
"
Add
"
);
可写为
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
);
C++ Builder中使用OLE控制Excel2000,必须掌握Excel2000的自动化对象及Microsoft Word Visual Basic帮助文件中的关于Excel的对象、方法和属性。对象是一个Excel元素,属性是对象的一个特性或操作的一个方面,方法是对象可以进行的动作。
首先定义以下几个变量：
Variant ExcelApp,Workbook1,Sheet1,Range1;
1、Excel中常用的对象是:Application,Workbooks,Worksheets等。
★创建应用对象★
VariantExcelApp;
ExcelApp
=
Variant
::
CreateObject(
"
Excel.Application
"
);
或者
ExcelApp
=
CreateOleObject(
"
Excel.Application
"
);
★创建工作簿对象★
VariantWorkBook1;
WorkBook1
=
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
ActiveWorkBook
"
);
★创建工作表对象★
VariantSheet1;
Sheet1
=
WorkBook1
.
PG(
"
ActiveSheet
"
);
★创建区域对象★
Variant Range;
Range
=
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Range
"
,
"
A1:A10
"
);
或者使用
Excel
.
Exec
(PropertyGet(
"
Range
"
)
<<
"
A1:C1
"
)
.
Exec
(Procedure(
"
Select
"
));
2、常用的属性操作:
★使Excel程序不可见★
ExcelApp
.
PS(
"
Visible
"
,
(Variant)
false
);
★新建EXCEL文件★
◎ 新建系统模板的工作簿
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
)
//
默认工作簿
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
,
1
)
//
单工作表
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
,
2
)
//
图表
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
,
3
)
//
宏表
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
,
4
)
//
国际通用宏表
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
,
5
)
//
与默认的相同
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
,
6
)
//
工作簿且只有一个表
或者使用ExcelApp的Exec方法
Excel
.
Exec
(PropertyGet(
"
Workbooks
"
))
.
Exec
(Procedure(
"
Add
"
));
◎ 新建自己创建的模板的工作簿
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
Add
"
,
"
C:\\Temp\\result.xlt
"
);
★打开工作簿★
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
workbooks
"
)
.
FN(
"
open
"
,
"
路径名.xls
"
)
★保存工作簿★
WorkBook1
.
FN(
"
Save
"
);
//
保存工作簿
WorkBook1
.
FN(
"
SaveAs
"
,
"
文件名
"
);
//
工作簿保存为,路径注意用"\\"
★退出EXCEL★
ExcelApp
.
FN(
"
Quit
"
);
ExcelApp
=
Unassigned;
或者
ExcelApp
.
Exec
(Procedure(
"
Quit
"
));
★操作工作表★
◎ 选择选择工作表中第一个工作表
Workbook1
.
PG(
"
Sheets
"
,
1
)
.
PR(
"
Select
"
);
Sheet1
=
Workbook1
.
PG(
"
ActiveSheet
"
);
◎ 重命名工作表
Sheet1
.
PS(
"
Name
"
,
"
Sheet的新名字
"
);
◎ 当前工作簿中的工作表总数
intnSheetCount
=
Workbook1
.
PG(
"
Sheets
"
)
.
PG(
"
Count
"
);
★操作行和列★
◎ 获取当前工作表中有多少行和多少列：
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
UsedRange
"
)
.
PG(
"
Columns
"
)
.
PG(
"
Count
"
);
//
列数
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
UsedRange
"
)
.
PG(
"
Rows
"
)
.
PG(
"
Count
"
);
//
行数
◎ 设置列宽
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
Columns
"
,
1
)
.
PS(
"
ColumnWidth
"
,
22
);
或者
Range
=
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
1
,
3
);
Range
.
PS(
"
ColumnWidth
"
,
22
);
◎ 设置行高
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
Rows
"
,
2
)
.
PS(
"
RowHeight
"
,
25
);
或者
Range
=
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
2
,
1
);
Range
.
PS(
"
RowHeight
"
,
25
);
◎ 在工作表最前面插入一行
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Rows
"
,
1
)
.
PR(
"
Insert
"
);
◎ 删除一行
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
Rows
"
,
2
)
.
PR(
"
Delete
"
);
//
将第2行删除
// 本文作者：ccrun ，如转载请保证本文档的完整性，并注明出处。
// 欢迎光临 C++ Builder 研究
// 摘自:/doc/go.asp?id=529
★操作单元格★
◎ 设置单元格字体
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
1
,
1
)
.
PG(
"
Font
"
)
.
PS(
"
Name
"
,
"
隶书
"
);
//
字体
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
2
,
3
)
.
PG(
"
Font
"
)
.
PS(
"
size
"
,
28
);
//
大小
◎ 设置所选区域字体
Range
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
)
.
PG(
"
Font
"
)
.
PS(
"
Size
"
,
28
);
Range
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
)
.
PG(
"
Font
"
)
.
PS(
"
Color
"
,
RGB(
0
,
0
,
255
));
其中参数的设置:
FontName
:
"
隶书
"
//
字体名称
Size
:
12
//
字体大小
Color
:
RGB(
*,*,*
)
//
颜色
Underline
:
true
/
false
//
下划线
Italic
:
true
/
false
//
斜体
◎ 设置单元格格式为小数百分比
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
1
,
1
)
.
PS(
"
NumberFormatLocal
"
,
"
0.00%
"
);
◎ 设定单元格的垂直对齐方式
Range
=
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
3
,
4
);
//
1=靠上2=居中3=靠下对齐4=两端对齐5=分散对齐
Range
.
PS(
"
VerticalAlignment
"
,
2
);
◎ 设定单元格的文本为自动换行
Range
=
ExcelApp
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
3
,
4
);
Range
.
PS(
"
WrapText
"
,
true
);
★单元格的合并★
Range
=
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Range
"
,
"
A1:A2
"
);
//
A1和A2单元格合并
String
strRange
=
"
A
"
+
IntToStr(j)
+
"
:
"
+
"
C
"
+
IntToStr(j);
//
比如：A1:C5
Range1
=
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Range
"
,
strRange
.
c_str());
//
可以用变量控制单元格合并
Range1
.
FN(
"
Merge
"
,
false
);
★读写单元格★
◎ 指定单元格赋值
String
strValue
=
"
abcdefg
"
;
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
3
,
6
)
.
PS(
"
Value
"
,
strValue
.
c_str());
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
j
,
1
)
.
PS(
"
Value
"
,
"
总记录:
"
+
String
(j
-
6
));
或者使用
Excel
.
Exec
(PropertyGet(
"
Cells
"
)
<<
1
<<
3
)
.
Exec
(PropertySet(
"
Value
"
)
<<
15
);
◎ 所选区域单元格赋值
Range
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
)
.
PS(
"
Value
"
,
10
);
◎ 所选区域行赋值
Range
.
PG(
"
Rows
"
,
1
)
.
PS(
"
Value
"
,
1234
);
◎ 工作表列赋值
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Columns
"
,
1
)
.
PS(
"
Value
"
,
1234
);
◎ 读取取值语句:
String
strValue
=
Sheet1
.
PG(
"
Cells
"
,
3
,
5
)
.
PG(
"
Value
"
);
★窗口属性★
◎ 显示属性
ExcelApp
.
PS(
"
Windowstate
"
,
3
);
//
最大化显示
1
---------
xlNormal
//
正常显示
2
---------
xlMinimized
//
最小化显示
3
---------
xlMaximized
//
最大化显示
◎ 状态栏属性
ExcelApp
.
PS(
"
StatusBar
"
,
"
您好,请您稍等。正在查询！
"
);
ExcelApp
.
PS(
"
StatusBar
"
,
false
);
//
还原成默认值
◎ 标题属性:
ExcelApp
.
PS(
"
Caption
"
,
"
查询系统
"
);
3、操作图表
★添加图表
VariantChart;
Chart
=
ExcelApp
.
Exec
(PropertyGet(
"
Charts
"
))
.
Exec
(
Function
(
"
Add
"
));
ExcelApp
.
Exec
(PropertySet(
"
Visible
"
)
<<
true
);
Chart
.
Exec
(PropertySet(
"
Type
"
)
<<
-
4100
);
★滚动图表
for
(intnRotate
=
5
;nRotate
<=
180
;nRotate
+=
5
)
{
Chart
.
Exec
(PropertySet(
"
Rotation
"
)
<<
nRotate);
}
for
(intnRotate
=
175
;nRotate
>=
0
;nRotate
-=
5
)
{
Chart
.
Exec
(PropertySet(
"
Rotation
"
)
<<
nRotate);
}
另外，为保证程序能正常运行，需要在程序中判断目标机器是否安装了Office;
try
{
ExcelApp
=
Variant
::
CreateObject(
"
Excel.Application
"
);
}
catch
(
)
{
ShowMessage(
"
运行Excel出错,请确认安装了Office
"
);
return
;
}
#
include"comobj.hpp"
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//对指定Excel文件中的指定列进行排序
//strExcelFileName:excel文件名
//nCol:指定的列号
//nSortStyle:1:升序，2:降序
voidSortExcelColumn(
String
strExcelFileName
,
intnCol
,
intnSortStyle)
{
VariantvExcelApp
,
vWorkbook
,
vRange;
vExcelApp
=
Variant
::
CreateObject(
"
Excel.Application
"
);
vExcelApp
.
OlePropertySet(
"
Visible
"
,
false
);
vExcelApp
.
OlePropertyGet(
"
WorkBooks
"
)
.
OleProcedure(
"
Open
"
,
strExcelFileName
.
c_str());
vWorkbook
=
vExcelApp
.
OlePropertyGet(
"
ActiveWorkbook
"
);
vExcelApp
.
OlePropertyGet(
"
Columns
"
,
nCol)
.
OleProcedure(
"
Select
"
);
vExcelApp
.
OlePropertyGet(
"
ActiveSheet
"
)
.
OlePropertyGet(
"
Cells
"
,
1
,
nCol)
.
OleProcedure(
"
Select
"
);
vRange
=
vExcelApp
.
OlePropertyGet(
"
Selection
"
);
vRange
.
Exec
(
Function
(
"
Sort
"
)
<<
vExcelApp
.
OlePropertyGet(
"
Selection
"
)
<<
nSortStyle);
vWorkbook
.
OleProcedure(
"
Save
"
);
vWorkbook
.
OleProcedure(
"
Close
"
);
vExcelApp
.
OleFunction(
"
Quit
"
);
vWorkbook
=
Unassigned;
vExcelApp
=
Unassigned;
ShowMessage(
"
ok
"
);
}
void__fastcallTForm1
::
Button1Click(TObject
*
Sender)
{
//
对C:\123\123.xls文件中第一个Sheet的第四列进行升序排序
SortExcelColumn(
"
C:\\123\\123.xls
"
,
4
,
1
);
}
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