两只乌鸦的K线形态图定义：
两只乌鸦形态只能预测顶部反转和熊市反转。如图所示，第一天的白色蜡烛线支持了市场原有的上升趋势。第二天，市场高开低走，但仍留下一个向上跳空缺口。第三天，市场在第二天蜡烛线的实体部分内开盘，然后一路下滑，最后弥补了第二天的向上跳空缺口，突破到第一天的
以上定义来自于：两只乌鸦Ｋ线形态分析__赢家财富网
三只乌鸦
三只乌鸦又称暴跌三杰，它是一种类似于红三兵的K线组合信号，可以认为是红三兵的翻转形式，他有哪些形态特点呢？应用中应注意哪些方面呢？下面将重点讲解三只乌鸦
形态要点：
1. 三只乌鸦是有三根连续下跌的阴线组成，阴线实体相当。
2. 第二根，三根K线高开低走，接近最低价收盘。
原文地址：什么是“三只乌鸦” - 知乎
笔者基于上述的理论，定义出策略：出现底部十字星全仓买入，出现两只乌鸦或者三只乌鸦全仓卖出
老规矩，线上代码：
#出现底部十字星全仓买入，出现两只乌鸦,三只乌鸦，全仓卖出import tushare as tsimport pandas as pdimport datetime # For datetime objectsimport os.path # To manage pathsimport sys # To find out the script name (in argv[0])# Import the backtrader platformimport backtrader as btimport talib as talibimport numpy as npclass MyStrategy(bt.Strategy):# 策略参数params = dict(printlog=False)def __init__(self):self.star = dict()self.crows = dict()self.twocrows = dict()# 定义全局变量self.count = 0for data in self.datas:# 转为tabib要求的数据格式opens = np.array(data.open.array)highs = np.array(data.high.array)lows = np.array(data.low.array)closes = np.array(data.close.array)print(opens)# 计算十字星数据，结果为-100底部十字星，结果为100顶部十字星，0非十字星res = talib.CDLDOJISTAR(opens, highs, lows, closes)# 三只乌鸦形态crowres = talib.CDL3BLACKCROWS(opens, highs, lows, closes)# 两只乌鸦形态twocrowres = talib.CDL2CROWS(opens, highs, lows, closes)# 数据放入self中print('十字星数据')self.star[data._id] = resprint('二只乌鸦数据')self.twocrows[data._id] = twocrowresprint('三只乌鸦数据')self.crows[data._id] = crowresdef next(self):# 得到当前的账户价值total_value = self.broker.getcash()for data in self.datas:pos = self.getposition(data).size# 函数出现100就代表出现十字星形态，做买入if total_value > 0 and self.star[data._id][self.count] == -100:p_value = total_value * 0.9 / 10size = ((int(total_value / self.data.close[0]))) - ((int(total_value / self.data.close[0])) % 100) - 100if(size > 100 ):self.buy(data=data, size=size)print('出现底部十字星，全仓买入,买入数量' + str(size) )if pos > 0 and self.crows[data._id][self.count] == 100 or self.crows[data._id][self.count] == -100:# 全部卖出# 跟踪订单避免重复self.sell(data=data, size=pos)print('出现三只乌鸦，卖出数量' + str(pos))if pos > 0 and self.twocrows[data._id][self.count] == 100 or self.twocrows[data._id][self.count] == -100:# 全部卖出# 跟踪订单避免重复self.sell(data=data, size=pos)print('出现两只乌鸦，卖出数量' + str(pos))#自增处理self.count = self.count + 1def log(self, txt, dt=None, doprint=False):if self.params.printlog or doprint:dt = dt or self.datas[0].datetime.date(0)print(f'{dt.isoformat()},{txt}')# 记录交易执行情况（可省略，默认不输出结果）def notify_order(self, order):# 如果order为submitted/accepted,返回空if order.status in [order.Submitted, order.Accepted]:return# 如果order为buy/sell executed,报告价格结果if order.status in [pleted]:if order.isbuy():self.log(f'买入:\n价格:{order.executed.price:.2f},\成本:{order.executed.value:.2f},\数量:{order.executed.size:.2f},\手续费:{m:.2f}')self.buyprice = order.executed.priceself.buycomm = melse:self.log(f'卖出:\n价格：{order.executed.price:.2f},\成本: {order.executed.value:.2f},\数量:{order.executed.size:.2f},\手续费{m:.2f}')self.bar_executed = len(self)# 如果指令取消/交易失败, 报告结果elif order.status in [order.Canceled, order.Margin, order.Rejected]:self.log('交易失败')self.order = None# 记录交易收益情况（可省略，默认不输出结果）def notify_trade(self, trade):if not trade.isclosed:returnself.log(f'策略收益：\n毛收益 {trade.pnl:.2f}, 净收益 {trade.pnlcomm:.2f}')pro = ts.pro_api('cbb257058b7cb228769b4949437c27c27e5132e882747dc80f01a5a5')def ts_get_daily_stock(code, start_dt, end_dt):start_dt = start_dt.replace("'", "", 3);end_dt = end_dt.replace("'", "", 3);# start_dt = '0101'# end_dt=''print(code, start_dt, end_dt)data = pro.daily(ts_code=code, start_date=start_dt, end_date=end_dt)data['trade_date'] = pd.to_datetime(data['trade_date'])data['trade_date'] = pd.to_datetime(data['trade_date'])data = data.sort_values(by='trade_date')data.index = data['trade_date']data['openinterest'] = 0data['volume'] = data['vol']data = data[['open', 'close', 'high', 'low', 'volume']]return data# 读取选股的结果df = pd.read_csv('stock_alpha.csv')df.columns = ['ts_code', 'name', 'alpha', 'start_dt', 'end_dt']min_a = df.sort_values(by='alpha')min_a = min_a.iloc[:10, :]code = []code = min_a['ts_code'] # 股票代码start_dts = []start_dts = min_a['start_dt'] # 股票代码起始时间end_dts = []end_dts = min_a['end_dt'] # 股票代码结束时间for i in range(len(code)):data = ts_get_daily_stock(code.iloc[i], start_dts.iloc[i], end_dts.iloc[i]) # 字段分别为股票代码、开始日期、结束日期data.to_csv(code.iloc[i] + '.csv')cerebro = bt.Cerebro()for i in range(len(code)): # 循环获取股票历史数据dataframe = pd.read_csv(code.iloc[i] + '.csv', index_col=0, parse_dates=True)dataframe['openinterest'] = 0data = bt.feeds.PandasData(dataname=dataframe,fromdate=datetime.datetime(, 2, 20),todate=datetime.datetime(, 4, 5))cerebro.adddata(data)# 回测设置startcash = 100000.0cerebro.broker.setcash(startcash)# 设置佣金为千分之一cerebro.broker.setcommission(commission=0.001)# 添加策略cerebro.addstrategy(MyStrategy, printlog=True)cerebro.run()# 获取回测结束后的总资金portvalue = cerebro.broker.getvalue()pnl = portvalue - startcash# 打印结果print(f'总资金: {round(portvalue,2)}')print(f'净收益: {round(pnl,2)}')cerebro.plot()
执行结果:
总资金: 57720.8
净收益: -42279.2
笔者依旧用上一章节的数据源
本章节引入了两个新的函数：
talib.CDL2CROWS(opens, highs, lows, closes) # 两只乌鸦形态
talib.CDL3BLACKCROWS(opens, highs, lows, closes) # 三只乌鸦形态
结果还是100或者-100
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