1.软件部分介绍

微信小程序是一种新的应用，用户不需要下载应用只用通过扫二维码或者打开链接就能使用，使用完后不需要卸载，直接关闭就行了。微信在初推出微信小程序开发环境。任何企业，媒体，个人都可以注册开发。是一种全新的 开发模式。微信也因此受到许多程序员的一致好评，尤其是微信小程序的云开发，提供大量数据处理接口，让初学者也可以很快入手。不需要后端数据库的支持，自己一个人就可以开发前端和后台。

微信小程序为蓝牙模块提供了18个API。其中低功率蓝牙9个，传统蓝牙9个。本次设计使用了其中的9个接口：

(1)openBluetoothAdapter，这个API用来初始化蓝牙适配器；

(2)startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery，开始搜索蓝牙设备；

(3)onBluetoothDeviceFound，判断搜索到的蓝牙设备的信号强度；

(4)createBLEConnection，连接搜索到的蓝牙设备；

(5)stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery，关闭搜索蓝牙设备；

(6)getBLEDeviceServices，获取蓝牙的deviceId；

(7)getBLEDeviceCharacteristics，获取蓝牙设备服务的所有特征值；

(8)notycharacteristicsId，启用低功耗蓝牙特征值的notify功能；

(9)writeBLECharacteristicValue，通过微信小程序向蓝牙模块发送命令。

js源代码

Page({/*** 页面的初始数据*/data: {connect: false,send_hex: false,send_string: true,send_string_val: 'Hex',recv_string: true,recv_string_val: 'Hex',recv_value: '',send_number: 0,recv_number: 0,recv_hex: true,wendu: 30,yanwu: 60},/*** 生命周期函数--监听页面加载 */onLoad: function (options) {wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({success: function (res) {console.log('停止搜索设备', res)}})console.log(options);this.setData({deviceId: options.id,deviceName: options.name});console.log('设备的ID', this.data.deviceId);},/*** 生命周期函数--监听页面显示 */onShow: function () {wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({success: function (res) {console.log('停止搜索设备', res)}})var that = this;/* 连接中动画 */wx.showLoading({title: '连接中...',});/* 开始连接蓝牙设备 */wx.createBLEConnection({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,success: function (res) {console.log('连接成功', res);wx.hideLoading();/* 获取设备的服务UUID */wx.getBLEDeviceServices({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,success: function (service) {that.setData({serviceId: "0000FFE0-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" //确定需要的服务UUID });console.log('需要的服务UUID', that.data.serviceId)that.Characteristics(); //调用获取特征值函数},});that.setData({connect: true})},})},Characteristics: function () {var that = this;var device_characteristics = [];var characteristics_uuid = {};wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,serviceId: that.data.serviceId,success: function (res) {var characteristics = res.characteristics; //获取到所有特征值var characteristics_length = characteristics.length; //获取到特征值数组的长度console.log('获取到特征值', characteristics);console.log('获取到特征值数组长度', characteristics_length);that.setData({notycharacteristicsId: "0000FFE1-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB", //需确定要的使能UUIDcharacteristicsId: "0000FFE1-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" //暂时确定的写入UUID});console.log('使能characteristicsId', that.data.notycharacteristicsId);console.log('写入characteristicsId', that.data.characteristicsId);that.notycharacteristicsId(); //使能事件},})},/* 使能函数 */notycharacteristicsId: function () {var that = this;var recv_value_ascii = "";var string_value = "";var recve_value = "";wx.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,serviceId: that.data.serviceId,characteristicId: that.data.notycharacteristicsId,state: true,success: function (res) {console.log('使能成功', res);/* 设备返回值 */wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(function (res) {var length_hex = [];var turn_back = "";var result = res.value;var hex = that.buf2hex(result);console.log('返回的值', hex);if (that.data.recv_string == true) {/* 成功接收到的值的展示 */that.setData({recv_value: that.data.recv_value + hex});/* 接收成功的值的字节 */var recv_number_1 = that.data.recv_number + hex.length / 2;var recv_number = Math.round(recv_number_1);that.setData({recv_number: recv_number});} else {console.log('设备返回来的值', hex);var f_hex = hex;var length_soy = f_hex.length / 2;var length = Math.round(length_soy);for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {var hex_spalit = f_hex.slice(0, 2);length_hex.push(hex_spalit);f_hex = f_hex.substring(2);}console.log('length_hex', length_hex);for (var j = 0; j < length_hex.length; j++) {var integar = length_hex[j]; //十六进制recve_value = parseInt(integar, 16); //十进制console.log('recve_value', recve_value);turn_back = turn_back + String.fromCharCode(recve_value);console.log('turn_back', turn_back);}console.log('最终转回来的值', turn_back)var recv_number_1 = that.data.recv_number + turn_back.length;var recv_number = Math.round(recv_number_1);that.setData({recv_number: recv_number,recv_value: that.data.recv_value + turn_back})}});},fail: function (res) {console.log('使能失败', res);}})},/* 断开连接 */DisConnectTap: function () {var that = this;wx.closeBLEConnection({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,success: function (res) {console.log('断开设备连接', res);wx.reLaunch({url: '../index/index',})}});},/*** 生命周期函数--监听页面卸载 */onUnload: function () {var that = this;wx.closeBLEConnection({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,success: function (res) {console.log('断开设备连接', res);}});},/* 清除Recv Bytes */CleanNumberRecv: function () {this.setData({recv_number: 0})},/* ArrayBuffer类型数据转为16进制字符串 */buf2hex: function (buffer) { // buffer is an ArrayBuffervar hexArr = Array.prototype.map.call(new Uint8Array(buffer),function (bit) {return ('00' + bit.toString(16)).slice(-2)})return hexArr.join('');},switch1Change: function (e) {var that = this;let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(1)let dataView = new DataView(buffer)if (e.detail.value) {dataView.setUint8(0, 0)} else {dataView.setUint8(0, 1)}wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,serviceId: that.data.serviceId,characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,value: buffer,success: function (res) {console.log('数据发送成功', res);console.log(buffer);},fail: function (res) {console.log('调用失败', res);/* 调用失败时，再次调用 */wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,serviceId: that.data.serviceId,characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,value: buffer,success: function (res) {console.log('第2次数据发送成功', res);}})}})},switch1Change1: function (e) {var that = this;let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(1)let dataView = new DataView(buffer)if (e.detail.value) {dataView.setUint8(0, 2)} else {dataView.setUint8(0, 3)}wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,serviceId: that.data.serviceId,characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,value: buffer,success: function (res) {console.log('数据发送成功', res);console.log(buffer);},fail: function (res) {console.log('调用失败', res);/* 调用失败时，再次调用 */wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,serviceId: that.data.serviceId,characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,value: buffer,success: function (res) {console.log('第2次数据发送成功', res);}})}})},add: function (e) {var id = e.target.id;if (this.data[id] > 98) {wx.showToast({title: '已超过最大数值',icon: 'loading',duration: 2000})return;}this.setData({[id]: +this.data[id] + 1});this.numbers(id)},lessen: function (e) {var id = e.target.id;if (this.data[id] < 1) {wx.showToast({title: '已小于最小数值',icon: 'loading',duration: 2000})return;}this.setData({[id]: +this.data[id] - 1});this.numbers(id)},changeVal: function (e) {var id = e.target.id;if (e.detail.value < 1 || e.detail.value > 100) {wx.showToast({title: '请输入有效数值',icon: 'loading',duration: 2000})return;}this.setData({[id]: e.detail.value});this.numbers(id)},numbers: function (id) {var that = this;var number = '9';let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(1)let dataView = new DataView(buffer)console.log(id)if (id == 'wendu') {number = '8' + that.data[id];dataView.setUint8(0, 8)} else {number = number + that.data[id];dataView.setUint8(0, number)}wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({deviceId: that.data.deviceId,serviceId: that.data.serviceId,characteristicId: that.data.characteristicsId,value: buffer,success: function (res) {console.log('数据发送成功', res);console.log(buffer);}})}})

wxss源代码

.connect_box {width: 100%;height: 30px;line-height: 30px;font-size: 32rpx;color: #666;font-family: "Microsoft YaHei";}.connect_device_name{float: left;padding-left: 10px;color: #39beff;}.connect_state {float: right;padding-right: 10px;text-decoration: underline;color: #39beff;}.fan{width: 2rem;height: 2rem;vertical-align: middle;margin-left: 2.25rem;margin-right: 0.25rem;}.water{width: 2.5rem;height: 2rem;vertical-align: middle;margin-left: 2rem;}.name{display: inline-block;width: 22%;margin-left: 1.5rem;font-size: 0.9rem;}.key{float: right;margin-right: 2rem;margin-top: 0.2rem;}.detail_box{padding: 1.5rem 0;border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;}.num {display: inline-block;width: 45%;text-align: right;vertical-align: middle;}.num input {display: inline-block;width: 2rem;text-align: center;border: 1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left: none;border-right: none;color: #a2a2a2;}.num text {display: inline-block;width: 1.4rem;height: 1.4rem;line-height: 1.4rem;text-align: center;border: 1px solid #f2f2f2;vertical-align: top;color: #dcdcdc;}.wendu{width:1.9rem;height:2rem;vertical-align:middle;margin-left:2.3rem;margin-right:.3rem;}

wxml源代码

<view class="connect_box"><text class='connect_device_name'>{{deviceName}}</text><text wx:if="{{connect}}" class="connect_state" catchtap="DisConnectTap">已连接</text><text wx:else class="connect_state">未连接</text></view><view ><view class="detail_box"><image src='../../images/airFan.png' class="fan"></image><view class='name'>风扇</view><switch bindchange="switch1Change" class='key' /></view><view class="detail_box"><image src='../../images/waterPump.png' class="water"></image><view class='name'>水泵</view><switch bindchange="switch1Change1" class='key' /></view><view class="detail_box"><image src='../../images/temperature.png' class="wendu"></image><view class='name'>温度阀值</view><view class='num'><text style='border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;' id='wendu' bindtap='lessen'>-</text><input type='number' value='{{wendu}}' name='piece' id='wendu' bindblur="changeVal" /><text style='border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;' id='wendu' bindtap='add'>+</text></view></view><view class="detail_box"><image src='../../images/smog.png' class="water"></image><view class='name'>烟雾阀值</view><view class='num'><text style='border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;' id='yanwu' bindtap='lessen'>-</text><input type='number' value='{{yanwu}}' name='piece' id='yanwu' bindblur="changeVal" /><text style='border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;' id='yanwu' bindtap='add'>+</text></view></view></view>

微信小程序展示页面

微信小程序不能在电脑上模拟，智能用手机操作，我们需要用手机打开我们的微信小程序。首先如果手机蓝牙没有打开回提醒打开蓝牙重新加载。如果手机蓝牙打开了就会去搜索附近的蓝牙模块，搜索到自己的低功率蓝牙，点击就可以连接到自己的蓝牙。我们就到了控制页面。

我们可以通过微信小程序风扇和水泵。点击开关时会调用writeBLECharacteristicValue接口通过蓝牙模块给单片机发送指令，控制单片机上的风扇和水泵等硬件设备。

2.硬件设备介绍

硬件部分主要介绍单片机、低功率蓝牙、风扇和水泵。单片机用什么型号的都行，都能与蓝牙模块正常通信，收发数据。低功率蓝牙主要优点是功率低，寿命长，价格便宜。多用于硬件连接上位机软件。风扇和水泵是外接设备，由单片机控制。

1.单片机

单片机的型号是stc89c52rc,STC89C52RC是STC公司生产的一种低功耗、高性能CMOS8位微控制器，具有8K字节系统可编程Flash存储器。STC89C52使用经典的MCS-51内核，但是做了很多的改进使得芯片具有传统的方法51单片机不具备的功能。在单芯片上，拥有灵巧的8 位CPU 和在系统可编程Flash，使得STC89C52为众多嵌入式控制应用系统提供高灵活、超有效的解决方案。

2.蓝牙模块

我用的是蓝牙型号是HC-06,给HC-06上电之后，HC-06的指示灯会不停地闪烁，这个时候就标志着进入AT模式了，配置的时候，HC-06的Rx和Tx 接到 51单片机的 Rx和 Tx，一般是P3.0,和P3.1，正常工作时，HC-06的Rx和Tx 接到 51单片机的 Tx和 Rx，8位数据位，1位结束位，无奇偶校验。一般HC-06模块的默认名称就是hc-06，默认配对密码是1234或0000。我们如果连接微信小程序，我们要把密码取消，这样微信小程序才能直接来连接。

3.风扇和水泵

风扇和水泵是直接供电就可以使用，我们只需要一个继电器就可以控制这两个设备，我选择了P3.5,P3.4这两个引脚来控制，高电平驱动，低电平关闭,这两个外接设备主要是测试数据有没有接受成功。

单片机程序主程序

void ctrl(unsigned char a) //单字节数据接收{ //注意：若单片机TXD（P3.1）无上拉能力，必须在P3.1端接上拉电阻。本次测试需要接上拉电阻TI=0; SBUF=a;while(TI==0);TI=0;Mode=1;if(SBUF==0){LED_yanwu=0;baojing=0;fs=0;led1=0;led2=0;}else if(SBUF==1){LED_yanwu=1;baojing=1;fs=1;Mode=0;}else if(SBUF==2){baojing=0;LED_wendu=0;fs1=0;}else if(SBUF==3){baojing=1;LED_wendu=1;fs1=1;led1=0;led2=0;Mode=0;}} void main(){check_wendu();check_wendu();Init1602();ES=0; //关中断SCON = 0x50; // REN=1允许串行接受状态，串口工作模式1,//10位UART（1位起始位，8位数据位，1位停止位，无奇偶校验），波特率可变TMOD = 0x20; // 定时器1工作于方式2，8位自动重载模式, 用于产生波特率TH1=TL1=0xFD; // 波特率9600 （本次测试采用晶振为11.0592）PCON &= 0x7f; // 波特率不倍增TR1 = 1;//定时器1开始工作，产生波特率TI=0; //接收标志位置0RI=0;ES=1;while(1){temp=ADC0809();check_wendu();Key();if(RI==1) // 是否有数据到来 {RI = 0;ctrl(SBUF);} Display_1602(yushe_wendu,yushe_yanwu,c,temp); //c温度值，temp烟雾值if(Mode==0){if(temp>=yushe_yanwu){LED_yanwu=0;baojing=0;fs=0;}else{LED_yanwu=1;}if(c>800){c = 0;}if(c>=(yushe_wendu*10)){baojing=0;LED_wendu=0;fs1=0;}else{LED_wendu=1;}if((temp<yushe_yanwu)&&(c<(yushe_wendu*10))){baojing=1;fs=1;fs1=1;}} }}

硬件实物图

数据采集显示正常，微信小程序可以正常控制单片机的水泵和风扇，通信正常无异常。硬件部分我就简单的拿出来说了一下，所涉及到的知识肯定比我展示到的多，软件部分主要是对低功率蓝牙的搜索，连接，发送数据比较麻烦。

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