在一些日常业务中，会遇到一些琐碎文件需要统一打包到一个压缩包中上传，业务方在后台接收到压缩包后自行解压，然后解析相应文件。而且可能涉及安全保密，因此会在压缩时带上密码，要求后台业务可以指定密码进行解压。
应用环境说明：jdk1.8，maven3.x,需要基于java语言实现对zip、rar、7z等常见压缩包的解压工作。
首先关于zip和rar、7z等压缩工具和压缩算法就不在此赘述，下面通过一个数据对比，使用上述三种不同的压缩算法，采用默认的压缩方式，看到压缩的文件大小如下：
转换成图表看得更直观，如下图：
从以上图表可以看到，7z的压缩率是最高，而zip压缩率比较低，rar比zip稍微好点。单纯从压缩率看，7z>rar4>rar5>zip。
下面具体说明在java中如何进行相应解压：
1、pom.xml
<project xmlns="/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="/POM/4.0.0 /xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.yelang</groupId><artifactId>7zdemo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><dependencies><dependency><groupId>net.lingala.zip4j</groupId><artifactId>zip4j</artifactId><version>2.9.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>net.sf.sevenzipjbinding</groupId><artifactId>sevenzipjbinding</artifactId><version>16.02-2.01</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>net.sf.sevenzipjbinding</groupId><artifactId>sevenzipjbinding-all-platforms</artifactId><version>16.02-2.01</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.tukaani</groupId><artifactId>xz</artifactId><version>1.9</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>mons</groupId><artifactId>commons-compress</artifactId><version>1.21</version></dependency><!-- /artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-api --><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><version>1.7.30</version></dependency><!-- /artifact/mons/commons-lang3 --><dependency><groupId>mons</groupId><artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId><version>3.12.0</version></dependency><!-- /artifact/fr.opensagres.xdocreport/xdocreport --><dependency><groupId>fr.opensagres.xdocreport</groupId><artifactId>xdocreport</artifactId><version>1.0.6</version></dependency></dependencies></project>
主要依赖的jar包有：zip4j、sevenzipjbinding等。
2、zip解压
@SuppressWarnings("resource")private static String unZip(String rootPath, String sourceRarPath, String destDirPath, String passWord) {ZipFile zipFile = null;String result = "";try {//String filePath = sourceRarPath;String filePath = rootPath + sourceRarPath;if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(passWord)) {zipFile = new ZipFile(filePath, passWord.toCharArray());} else {zipFile = new ZipFile(filePath);}zipFile.setCharset(Charset.forName("GBK"));zipFile.extractAll(rootPath + destDirPath);} catch (Exception e) {log.error("unZip error", e);return e.getMessage();}return result;}
3、rar解压
private static String unRar(String rootPath, String sourceRarPath, String destDirPath, String passWord) {String rarDir = rootPath + sourceRarPath;String outDir = rootPath + destDirPath + File.separator;RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile = null;IInArchive inArchive = null;try {// 第一个参数是需要解压的压缩包路径，第二个参数参考JdkAPI文档的RandomAccessFilerandomAccessFile = new RandomAccessFile(rarDir, "r");if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(passWord))inArchive = SevenZip.openInArchive(null, new RandomAccessFileInStream(randomAccessFile), passWord);elseinArchive = SevenZip.openInArchive(null, new RandomAccessFileInStream(randomAccessFile));ISimpleInArchive simpleInArchive = inArchive.getSimpleInterface();for (final ISimpleInArchiveItem item : simpleInArchive.getArchiveItems()) {final int[] hash = new int[]{0};if (!item.isFolder()) {ExtractOperationResult result;final long[] sizeArray = new long[1];File outFile = new File(outDir + item.getPath());File parent = outFile.getParentFile();if ((!parent.exists()) && (!parent.mkdirs())) {continue;}if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(passWord)) {result = item.extractSlow(data -> {try {IOUtils.write(data, new FileOutputStream(outFile, true));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}hash[0] ^= Arrays.hashCode(data); // Consume datasizeArray[0] += data.length;return data.length; // Return amount of consumed}, passWord);} else {result = item.extractSlow(data -> {try {IOUtils.write(data, new FileOutputStream(outFile, true));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}hash[0] ^= Arrays.hashCode(data); // Consume datasizeArray[0] += data.length;return data.length; // Return amount of consumed});}if (result == ExtractOperationResult.OK) {log.error("解压rar成功...." + String.format("%9X | %10s | %s", hash[0], sizeArray[0], item.getPath()));} else if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(passWord)) {log.error("解压rar成功：密码错误或者其他错误...." + result);return "password";} else {return "rar error";}}}} catch (Exception e) {log.error("unRar error", e);return e.getMessage();} finally {try {inArchive.close();randomAccessFile.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return "";}
4、7z解压
private static String un7z(String rootPath, String sourceRarPath, String destDirPath, String passWord) {try {File srcFile = new File(rootPath + sourceRarPath);//获取当前压缩文件// 判断源文件是否存在if (!srcFile.exists()) {throw new Exception(srcFile.getPath() + "所指文件不存在");}//开始解压SevenZFile zIn = null;if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(passWord)) {zIn = new SevenZFile(srcFile, passWord.toCharArray());} else {zIn = new SevenZFile(srcFile);}SevenZArchiveEntry entry = null;File file = null;while ((entry = zIn.getNextEntry()) != null) {if (!entry.isDirectory()) {file = new File(rootPath + destDirPath, entry.getName());if (!file.exists()) {new File(file.getParent()).mkdirs();//创建此文件的上级目录}OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(out);int len = -1;byte[] buf = new byte[1024];while ((len = zIn.read(buf)) != -1) {bos.write(buf, 0, len);}// 关流顺序，先打开的后关闭bos.close();out.close();}}} catch (Exception e) {log.error("un7z is error", e);return e.getMessage();}return "";}
5、解压统一入口封装
public static Map<String,Object> unFile(String rootPath, String sourcePath, String destDirPath, String passWord) {Map<String,Object> resultMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();String result = "";if (sourcePath.toLowerCase().endsWith(".zip")) {//Wrong password!result = unZip(rootPath, sourcePath, destDirPath, passWord);} else if (sourcePath.toLowerCase().endsWith(".rar")) {//java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: password should be specifiedresult = unRar(rootPath, sourcePath, destDirPath, passWord);System.out.println(result);} else if (sourcePath.toLowerCase().endsWith(".7z")) {//PasswordRequiredException: Cannot read encrypted content from G:\ziptest\11111111.7z without a passwordresult = un7z(rootPath, sourcePath, destDirPath, passWord);}resultMap.put("resultMsg", 1);if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(result)) {if (result.contains("password")) resultMap.put("resultMsg", 2);if (!result.contains("password")) resultMap.put("resultMsg", 3);}resultMap.put("files", null);//System.out.println(result + "==============");return resultMap;}
6、测试代码
Long start = System.currentTimeMillis();unFile("D:/rarfetch0628/","apache-tomcat-8.5.69.zip","apache-tomcat-zip","222");long end = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("zip解压耗时==" + (end - start) + "毫秒");System.out.println("============================================================");Long rar4start = System.currentTimeMillis();unFile("D:/rarfetch0628/","apache-tomcat-8.5.69-4.rar","apache-tomcat-rar4","222");long rar4end = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("rar4解压耗时==" + (rar4end - rar4start)+ "毫秒");System.out.println("============================================================");Long rar5start = System.currentTimeMillis();unFile("D:/rarfetch0628/","apache-tomcat-8.5.69-5.rar","apache-tomcat-rar5","222");long rar5end = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("rar5解压耗时==" + (rar5end - rar5start)+ "毫秒");System.out.println("============================================================");Long zstart = System.currentTimeMillis();unFile("D:/rarfetch0628/","apache-tomcat-8.5.69.7z","apache-tomcat-7z","222");long zend = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("7z解压耗时==" + (zend - zstart)+ "毫秒");System.out.println("============================================================");
在控制台中可以看到以下结果：
总结：本文采用java语言实现了对zip和rar、7z文件的解压统一算法。并对比了相应的解压速度，支持传入密码进行在线解压。本文参考了：/luanwuqingyang/article/details/121114113，不过博主的文章代码直接运行有问题，这里进行了调整，主要优化的点如下：
1、pom.xml 遗漏了slf4j、commons-lang3、xdocreport等依赖
2、zip路径优化
3、去掉一些无用信息
4、优化异常信息
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