SQL Server /增加了对XML数据的支持,同时也新增了几种操作XML的方法,本文主要以SQL Server 为例介绍如何对XML数据进行insert、update、delete。
SQL Server中新增加了XML.Modify()方法,分别为xml.modify(insert),xml.modify(delete),xml.modify(replace)对应XML的插入,删除和修改操作。
本文以下面XML为例,对三种DML进行说明:
declare@XMLVarxml=' <catalog> <bookcategory="ITPro"> <title>WindowsStepByStep</title> <author>BillZack</author> <price>49.99</price> </book> <bookcategory="Developer"> <title></title> <author>AndrewBrust</author> <price>39.93</price> </book> <bookcategory="ITPro"> <title>WindowsClusterServer</title> <author>StephenForte</author> <price>59.99</price> </book> </catalog> '
1.XML.Modify(Insert)语句介绍
A.利用as first,at last,before,after四个参数将元素插入指定的位置
set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert<firstname="atfirst"/>asfirstinto(/catalog[1]/book[1])') set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert<lastname="atlast"/>aslastinto(/catalog[1]/book[1])') set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert<beforename="before"/>before(/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])') set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert<aftername="after"/>after(/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])') SELECT@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
结果集为:
1: <book category="ITPro">
2: <first name="at first" />
3: <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
4: <before name="before" />
5: <author>Bill Zack</author>
6: <after name="after" />
7: <price>49.99</price>
8: <last name="at last" />
9: </book>
B.将多个元素插入文档中
--方法一:利用变量进行插入 DECLARE@newFeaturesxml; SET@newFeatures=N'; <first>oneelement</first> <second>secondelement</second>' SET@XMLVar.modify(') insertsql:variable("@newFeatures") into(/catalog[1]/book[1])' --方法二:直接插入 set@XMLVar.modify(') insert(<first>oneelement</first>,<second>secondelement</second>) into(/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])' SELECT@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
结果集为:
1: <book category="ITPro">
2: <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
3: <author>Bill Zack
4: <first>one element</first>
5: <second>second element</second>
6: </author>
7: <price>49.99</price>
8: <first>one element</first>
9: <second>second element</second>
10: </book>
C.将属性插入文档中
--使用变量插入 declare@varnvarchar(10)='变量插入'set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert(attributevar{sql:variable("@var")})) into(/catalog[1]/book[1])' --直接插入 set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert(attributename{"直接插入"})) into(/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])' --多值插入 set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert(attributeId{"多值插入1"},attributename{"多值插入2"})) into(/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1])' SELECT@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
结果集为:
1: <book category="ITPro" var="变量插入">
2: <title name="直接插入">Windows Step By Step</title>
3: <author Id="多值插入1" name="多值插入2">Bill Zack</author>
4: <price>49.99</price>
5: </book>
D.插入文本节点
set@XMLVar.modify( 'inserttext{"atfirst"}asfirst) into(/catalog[1]/book[1])' SELECT@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
结果集为:
1: <book category="ITPro">
2: at first
3: <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
4: <author>Bill Zack</author>
5: <price>49.99</price>
6: </book>
注意:插入本文同样具体 as first,as last,before,after四种选项,可以参考A中的使用方法
E.插入注释节点
set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert<!--插入评论-->) before(/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])' SELECT@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
结果集为:
1: <book category="ITPro">
2: <!--插入评论-->
3: <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
4: <author>Bill Zack</author>
5: <price>49.99</price>
6: </book>
注意插入注释节点同样具体 as first,as last,before,after四种选项,可以参考A中的使用方法
F.插入处理指令
set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert<?Program"Instructions.exe"?>) before(/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1])' SELECT@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');结果集为: 1:<bookcategory="ITPro"> 2:<?Program"Instructions.exe"?> 3:<title>WindowsStepByStep</title> 4:<author>BillZack</author> 5:<price>49.99</price> 6:</book>
注意插入处理指令同样具体 as first,as last,before,after四种选项,可以参考A中的使用方法
G.根据 if 条件语句进行插入
set@XMLVar.modify( 'insert) if(/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[2])thentext{"thisisa1step"} else(text{"thisisa2step"}) into(/catalog[1]/book[1]/price[1])' SELECT@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]/book[1]');
结果集为:
1: <book category="ITPro">
2: <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
3: <author>Bill Zack</author>
4: <price>49.99this is a 2 step</price>
5: </book>
2.XML.Modify(delete)语句介绍
--删除属性 set@XMLVar.modify('delete/catalog[1]/book[1]/@category') --删除节点 set@XMLVar.modify('delete/catalog[1]/book[1]/title[1]') --删除内容 set@XMLVar.modify('delete/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1]/text()') --全部删除 set@XMLVar.modify('delete/catalog[1]/book[2]') SELECT@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]');
结果集为:
1: <catalog>
2: <book>
3: <author />
4: <price>49.99</price>
5: </book>
6: <book category="ITPro">
7: <title>Windows Cluster Server</title>
8: <author>Stephen Forte</author>
9: <price>59.99</price>
10: </book>
11: </catalog>
3.XML.Modify(replace)语句介绍
--替换属性 set@XMLVar.modify('replacevalueof(/catalog[1]/book[1]/@category)) with("替换属性")' --替换内容 set@XMLVar.modify('replacevalueof(/catalog[1]/book[1]/author[1]/text()[1])) with("替换内容")' --条件替换 set@XMLVar.modify('replacevalueof(/catalog[1]/book[2]/@category)) with( if(count(/catalog[1]/book)>4)then"条件替换1"else"条件替换2")' SELECT@XMLVar.query('/catalog[1]');
结果集为:
1: <catalog>
2: <book category="替换属性">
3: <title>Windows Step By Step</title>
4: <author>替换内容</author>
5: <price>49.99</price>
6: </book>
7: <book category="条件替换2">
8: <title>Developing ADO .NET</title>
9: <author>Andrew Brust</author>
10: <price>39.93</price>
11: </book>
12: <book category="ITPro">
13: <title>Windows Cluster Server</title>
14: <author>Stephen Forte</author>
15: <price>59.99</price>
16: </book>
17: </catalog>
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