获得验证码图片的俩个来源：
1、有网站生成验证码图片的源码
2、通过python的requests下载验证码图片当我们的训练样本
我们通过第一种方式来得到训练样本，下面是生成验证码的php程序：
1 <?php 2 class checkcode 3 { 4//验证码的宽度 5public $width = 160; 6 7//验证码的高 8public $height = 60; 9 10//设置字体的地址 11private $font; 12 13//设置字体色 14public $font_color; 15 16//设置随机生成因子 17public $charset = 'abcdefghkmnprstuvwyzABCDEFGHKLMNPRSTUVWYZ23456789'; 18 19//设置背景色 20public $background = '#EDF7FF'; 21 22//生成验证码字符数 23public $code_len = 4; 24 25//字体大小 26public $font_size = 20; 27 28//验证码 29private $code; 30 31//图片内存 32private $img; 33 34//文字X轴开始的地方 35private $x_start; 36 37function __construct() 38{ 39 40 $this->font = './font/2.ttf'; 41 42} 43 44/** 45* 生成随机验证码。 46*/ 47protected function creat_code() 48{ 49 50 $this->code = $_GET['code']; //通过get方式调用这个验证码的接口 51} 52 53/** 54* 获取验证码 55*/ 56public function get_code() 57{ 58 return strtolower($this->code); 59} 60 61/** 62* 生成图片 63*/ 64public function doimage() 65{ 66 $code = $this->creat_code(); 67 $this->img = imagecreatetruecolor($this->width, $this->height); 68 if (!$this->font_color) { 69 $this->font_color = imagecolorallocate($this->img, rand(0, 156), rand(0, 156), rand(0, 156)); 70 } else { 71 $this->font_color = imagecolorallocate($this->img, hexdec(substr($this->font_color, 1, 2)), hexdec(substr($this->font_color, 3, 2)), hexdec(substr($this->font_color, 5, 2))); 72 } 73 //设置背景色 74 $background = imagecolorallocate($this->img, hexdec(substr($this->background, 1, 2)), hexdec(substr($this->background, 3, 2)), hexdec(substr($this->background, 5, 2))); 75 //画一个柜形，设置背景颜色。 76 imagefilledrectangle($this->img, 0, $this->height, $this->width, 0, $background); 77 $this->creat_font(); 78 $this->creat_line(); 79 $this->output(); 80} 81 82/** 83* 生成文字 84*/ 85private function creat_font() 86{ 87 $x = $this->width / $this->code_len; 88 for ($i = 0; $i < $this->code_len; $i++) { 89 imagettftext($this->img, $this->font_size, rand(-30, 30), $x * $i + rand(0, 5), $this->height / 1.4, $this->font_color, $this->font, $this->code[$i]); 90 if ($i == 0) $this->x_start = $x * $i + 5; 91 } 92} 93 94/** 95* 画线 96*/ 97private function creat_line() 98{ 99 imagesetthickness($this->img, 3);100 $xpos = ($this->font_size * 2) + rand(-5, 5);101 $width = $this->width / 2.66 + rand(3, 10);102 $height = $this->font_size * 2.14;103 104 if (rand(0, 100) % 2 == 0) {105 $start = rand(0, 66);106 $ypos = $this->height / 2 - rand(10, 30);107 $xpos += rand(5, 15);108 } else {109 $start = rand(180, 246);110 $ypos = $this->height / 2 + rand(10, 30);111 }112 113 $end = $start + rand(75, 110);114 115 imagearc($this->img, $xpos, $ypos, $width, $height, $start, $end, $this->font_color);116 117 if (rand(1, 75) % 2 == 0) {118 $start = rand(45, 111);119 $ypos = $this->height / 2 - rand(10, 30);120 $xpos += rand(5, 15);121 } else {122 $start = rand(200, 250);123 $ypos = $this->height / 2 + rand(10, 30);124 }125 126 $end = $start + rand(75, 100);127 128 imagearc($this->img, $this->width * .75, $ypos, $width, $height, $start, $end, $this->font_color);129}130 131/**132* 输出图片133*/134private function output()135{136 header("content-type:image/png\r\n");137 imagepng($this->img);138 imagedestroy($this->img);139}140 }141 142 $checkcode = new checkcode();143 $checkcode->doimage();
调用这个验证码程序：
修改gennerate_captcha.py
1 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- 2 from captcha.image import ImageCaptcha 3 from PIL import Image 4 import numpy as np 5 import random 6 import string 7 from io import BytesIO 8 import requests as req 9 10 class generateCaptcha():11def __init__(self,12 width = 160,#��֤��ͼƬ�Ŀ�把宽、高、字符数改为与上面php相同13 height = 60,#��֤��ͼƬ�ĸ�14 char_num = 4,#��֤���ַ�����15 characters = string.digits + string.ascii_uppercase + string.ascii_lowercase):#��֤����ɣ�����+��д��ĸ+Сд��ĸ16 self.width = width17 self.height = height18 self.char_num = char_num19 self.characters = characters20 self.classes = len(characters)21 22def gen_captcha(self,batch_size = 50):23 X = np.zeros([batch_size,self.height,self.width,1])24 img = np.zeros((self.height,self.width),dtype=np.uint8)25 Y = np.zeros([batch_size,self.char_num,self.classes])26 image = ImageCaptcha(width = self.width,height = self.height)27 28 while True:29 for i in range(batch_size):30 captcha_str = ''.join(random.sample(self.characters,self.char_num))31 imgurl = 'http://192.168.155.3/create_img.php?code='+captcha_str //图片的来源通过requests库获取，captcha_str是随机生成的4位验证码。32 response = req.get(imgurl)33 img = image.generate_image(captcha_str).convert('L')34 img = np.array(img.getdata())35 X[i] = np.reshape(img,[self.height,self.width,1])/255.036 for j,ch in enumerate(captcha_str):37 Y[i,j,self.characters.find(ch)] = 138 Y = np.reshape(Y,(batch_size,self.char_num*self.classes))39 yield X,Y40 41def decode_captcha(self,y):42 y = np.reshape(y,(len(y),self.char_num,self.classes))43 return ''.join(self.characters[x] for x in np.argmax(y,axis = 2)[0,:])44 45def get_parameter(self):46 return self.width,self.height,self.char_num,self.characters,self.classes47 48def gen_test_captcha(self):49 image = ImageCaptcha(width = self.width,height = self.height)50 captcha_str = ''.join(random.sample(self.characters,self.char_num))51 img = image.generate_image(captcha_str)52 img.save(captcha_str + '.jpg')53 54 X = np.zeros([1,self.height,self.width,1])55 Y = np.zeros([1,self.char_num,self.classes])56 img = img.convert('L')57 img = np.array(img.getdata())58 X[0] = np.reshape(img,[self.height,self.width,1])/255.059 for j,ch in enumerate(captcha_str):60 Y[0,j,self.characters.find(ch)] = 161 Y = np.reshape(Y,(1,self.char_num*self.classes))62 return X,Y
剩下就是训练这个模型了。
训练需要花很长时间，我这个模型没有训练好。
先看下结果：
以上就是cnn验证码识别的全过程。后续我们可以用这个训练好的模型，实现自动化接口测试等程序了。
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