yum 安装MySQL
1. 检查安装情况
查看有没有安装过：yum list installed MySQL* （有存在要卸载yum remove MySQL*）rpm -qa | grep mysql*
查看有没有安装包：yum list mysql*
2. 安装 MySQL
安装 MySQL 客户端：yum -y install mysql
安装MySQL服务器端：yum-yinstall mysql-server mysql-devel
3. 配置和启动
数据库字符集设置： MySQL 配置文件/etc/f中加入default-character-set=utf8启动MySQL服务： service mysqld start或者/etc/init.d/mysqld start
设置开机启动： 添加开机启动：chkconfig --add mysqld; 开机启动：chkconfig mysqld on; 查看开机启动设置是否成功chkconfig --list | grep mysql* mysqld 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭停止：
停止MySQL服务： service mysqld stop
4.MySQL登陆等权限设置
登录 MySQL 数据库： mysq -u root password 123456
首次使用创建root管理员和密码：（mysql -u root -p输入密码即可？）mysql -u root;use mysql ;update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";flush privileges;
忘记密码： service mysqld stop; mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables; 这一步骤执行的时候不会出现新的命令行，你需要重新打开一个窗口执行下面的命令mysql -u root;use mysql ;update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";flush privileges;
如果需要外网可以访问需要再做如下设置： 授权用户可以从远程登陆 grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* toroot@'%' identified by 'pwd123'; flush privileges ;
5. 远程访问，开放防火墙的端口号 MySQL
一般开发测试我直接把防火墙关闭，生产的开发对应端口即可：
6. Linux MySQL 的几个重要目录
数据库目录 /var/lib/mysql/ 配置文件 /usr/share /mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件） 相关命令 /usr/bin（mysqladmin mysqldump等命令） 启动脚本 /etc/rc.d/init.d/（启动脚本文件mysql的目录）
7. 删除MySQL数据库
如果使用的是 yum 安装的 mysql，需要删除的话，就使用如下命令： yum -y remove mysql* 然后将 /var/lib/mysql文件夹下的所有文件都删除干净，最后再重新执行上面的安装步骤。
yum 安装 MySQL 指定版本
默认yum只能安装mysql 5.1，我们可以自己配置通过yum安装5.6或者其他版本。
1. 查看系统里面有没有mysql 的repo（可以参考上面第一步卸载）
yum repolist all | grep mysql
2. 如果没有发现，则需要配置repo
只能有一个是 enabled=1的，其他的都得enabled=0。vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo输入如下内容
[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk.
# Please read with sub pages: /doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/
[mysql57-community-dmr]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release
baseurl=/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
3. 再看看是否存在 MySQL 的 repo
yum repolist enabled | grep mysql可以看到已经有了。
4. 签名
vim /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql写入如下内容
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (SunOS)
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AcOphrnJ
=443I
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
5. 安装
yum install mysql-community-server -y
6. 启动
service mysqld start
其他操作可以参考上面第一节的介绍。
参考A Quick Guide to Using the MySQL Yum RepositoryInstalling MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL Yum Repository2.1.3.2 Signature Checking Using GnuPGcentos 6.5 yum安装 mysql 5.6
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