我厌倦了尝试为phyton 2.7.5安装numpy和scipy,我需要这个版本的python,因为我的最终目标是安装类(http://class-/)和montepython(/).
(我有ubuntu 12.04)
当我尝试导入numpy或scipy时,我每次都会收到以下错误：
$phyton2.7
>>> import numpy
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/__init__.py", line 137, in
import add_newdocs
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/add_newdocs.py", line 9, in
from numpy.lib import add_newdoc
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/lib/__init__.py", line 4, in
from type_check import *
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/lib/type_check.py", line 8, in
import numpy.core.numeric as _nx
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/__init__.py", line 5, in
import multiarray
ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/multiarray.so: undefined symbol: PyUnicodeUCS4_AsUnicodeEscapeString
>> import scipy
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/scipy/__init__.py", line 78, in
from numpy import show_config as show_numpy_config
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/__init__.py", line 137, in
import add_newdocs
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/add_newdocs.py", line 9, in
from numpy.lib import add_newdoc
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/lib/__init__.py", line 4, in
from type_check import *
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/lib/type_check.py", line 8, in
import numpy.core.numeric as _nx
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/__init__.py", line 5, in
import multiarray
ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/multiarray.so: undefined symbol: PyUnicodeUCS4_AsUnicodeEscapeString
为了摆脱我曾尝试过的错误：
>满足python要求：$sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev gfortran
>使用apt-get安装：$sudo apt-get install python-numpy python-scipy python-matplotlib ipython ipython-notebook python-pandas python-sympy python-nose
>使用pip安装需求：$sudo pip install requests
> …并尝试使用pip进行安装：$sudo pip install numpy和$sudo pip install scipy
>我已经有环境var：export PYTHONPATH = /usr/lib / python2.7 / dist-packages：${PYTHONPATH}
我最后一次安装numpy和scipy(在较旧的ubuntu 10.x版本中)这对我有用.
> sudo sh -c“wget http://python-/distribute_setup.py -O- | python”sudo sh -c“wget /pypa/pip/master/contrib/ get-pip.py -O- | python“然后使用pip安装它们,如(4)中所示
但现在看来python-的服务器已关闭.我收到以下错误：
http://python-/distribute_setup.py
Resolving python- (python-)... failed: Name or service not known.
wget: unable to resolve host address `python-'
>我还尝试从synaptic和Ubuntu软件中心安装numpy和scipy
我在每次尝试中都失败了,现在我不知道该怎么办.
我错过了什么吗？
如何为python正确安装numpy和scipy？
任何想法将不胜感激.
当我做
echo $PYTHONPATH
我明白了
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
解决方法:
>它说你需要python 2.7(你已经拥有)：
$python --version
Python 2.7.4
>然后它说你也需要numpy包,版本> = 1.4.1：
apt-cache policy python-numpy
python-numpy:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 1:1.7.1-1ubuntu1
Version table:
1:1.7.1-1ubuntu1 0
500 /ubuntu/ raring/main amd64 Packages
如您所见,我有numpy版本1.7.1,所以让我们继续安装它：
sudo apt-get install python-numpy
>现在它说我们需要cython,让我们检查一下这个包是否可用：
apt-cache policy cython
cython:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 0.17.4-0ubuntu1
Version table:
0.17.4-0ubuntu1 0
500 /ubuntu/ raring/main amd64 Packages
我们有它,我们安装它：
sudo apt-get install cython
请注意,还有其他正在安装的依赖包.
>奇怪的是,我们也需要scipy模块：
sudo apt-get install python-scipy
>测试.在终端中打开python并输入以下内容：
$python
Python 2.7.4 (default, Sep 26 , 03:20:26)
[GCC 4.7.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import numpy
>>> import scipy
>>> import cython
>>> exit()
以上,必须没有错误.如果出现问题,请再次阅读指南,忘记/滑了一步.
>从他们的页面下载CLASS源,转到终端中的目录,然后解压缩并创建它：
cd where/the/tar/is
tar zxf class_v2.0.2.tar.gz
cd class_v2.0.2
make
在这里,我们将等到完成.完成后,我们转到python目录并启动魔术.没有从目录移动运行：
cd python
python setup.py build
python setup.py install --user
现在我们在用户目录中安装了CLASS.我们应该测试一下！
python
Python 2.7.4 (default, Sep 26 , 03:20:26)
[GCC 4.7.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from classy import Class
>>> exit()
在这里,一切都很好.
>现在真相,在你的代码目录中下载monthypython tarball：
cd ~
mkdir code
cd code
wget /s/l7mnhwsktp1m8b5/montepython_v1.2.5.tar.bz2?dl=1 -O montepython_v1.2.5.tar.bz2
tar jxf montepython_v1.2.5.tar.bz2
在安装说明are some notes中,与此特殊情况(新安装)无关,但在更新montepython时可能很重要.
>这一变化很重要.你还记得你安装CLASS的地方吗？现在你应该告诉Monte Python在哪里.在我的情况下它是/home/braiam/src/class_v2.0.2/class,你的可能会有所不同.您可以使用find来查找它：
find ~ -name class -print
好吧,现在我使用你喜欢的任何东西修改default.conf文件(我将使用nano)并修改根路径,所以完整的文件将如下所示：
# Fill in the relevant path to your personal distribution.
# If you create a new file out of this one, please remember to call
# MontePython.py with the option '-conf my.conf'
# At minimum, this file should contain one line:
# ** path['cosmo'] = path to the cosmological code you are using. Note, if you are
# using a modified version of class, be sure that the path contains the word
# class, otherwise the code might not recognise it.
# If you want to use a data folder different from the one present in the folder
# you are executing the code, please also add:
# ** path['data'] = /path/to/the/other/data/
root = '/home/braiam/src/class_v2.0.2/'
path['cosmo'] = root+'/class/'
保存文件并退出.
>测试montepython！如果一切正常,你应该能够在你的montepythong目录中运行代码/ MontePython.py –help,并且一切都应该运行：
~/src/montepython$code/MontePython.py --help
usage: MontePython.py [-h] [-N number of steps] [-o output folder]
[-p input param file] [-c input cov matrix]
[-j jumping method] [-f jumping factor]
[-conf configuration file] [-chain_number chain number]
[-r restart from chain] [-bf restart from best fit file]
[-info [compute information of desired file [compute information of desired file ...]]]
[-bins desired number of bins, default is 20] [-no_mean]
[-comp comparison folder]
[-extra plot file for custom needs] [-noplot] [-all]
[-ext change extension for the output file]
[-fontsize desired fontsize, default is 15]
[-ticksize desired ticksize, default is 13]
Monte Python, a Monte Carlo code in Python
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-N number of steps
-o output folder
-p input param file
-c input cov matrix
-j jumping method
-f jumping factor
-conf configuration file
-chain_number chain number
-r restart from chain
-bf restart from best fit file
-info [compute information of desired file [compute information of desired file ...]]
-bins desired number of bins, default is 20
-no_mean
-comp comparison folder
-extra plot file for custom needs
-noplot
-all
-ext change extension for the output file
-fontsize desired fontsize, default is 15
-ticksize desired ticksize, default is 13
有了这个,你已经安装了montepython并准备好了！
标签：python,software-installation
来源： https://codeday.me/bug/0807/1609942.html
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