现在正在做的项目中涉及大量的Excel文件导出导入操作,都是使用Java Excel来操作。
Java Excel是一开放源码项目，通过它Java开发人员可以读取Excel文件的内容、创建新的Excel文件、更新已经存在的Excel文件。下面我写了一个简单的例子，展示基本的读取，新建，更新(包括常见格式的设置:字体，颜色，背景,合并单元格)，拷贝操作，有这些其实已经基本足够应付大部分问题了。下面是例的源代码:
import java.io.*; import java.util.Date; import jxl.*; import jxl.format.Colour; import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle; import jxl.read.biff.BiffException; import jxl.write.*; import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle; import jxl.format.CellFormat;; public class OperateExcel { /** * Read data from a excel file */ public static void readExcel(String excelFileName){ Workbook rwb = null; try{ InputStream stream = new FileInputStream(excelFileName); rwb = Workbook.getWorkbook(stream); Sheet sheet = rwb.getSheet(0); Cell cell = null; int columns = sheet.getColumns(); int rows = sheet.getRows(); for( int i=0 ; i< rows ; i++ ) for( int j=0 ; j< columns ; j++){ //attention: The first parameter is column,the second parameter is row. cell = sheet.getCell(j,i); String str00 = cell.getContents(); if( cell.getType() == CellType.LABEL ) str00 += " LAEBL"; else if( cell.getType() == CellType.NUMBER) str00 += " number"; else if( cell.getType() == CellType.DATE) str00 += " date"; System.out.println("00==>"+str00); } stream.close(); } catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } catch(BiffException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } finally{ rwb.close(); } } /** * create a new excelFile * @param excelFileName create name */ public static void createExcelFile(String excelFileName){ try{ WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(excelFileName)); WritableSheetws = wwb.createSheet("sheet1",0); //also,The first parameter is column,the second parameter is row. // add normal label data Label label00 = new Label(0,0,"Label00"); ws.addCell(label00); //add font formating data WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 18, WritableFont.BOLD , true); WritableCellFormat wff = new WritableCellFormat(wf); Label label10 = new Label(1,0,"Label10",wff); ws.addCell(label10); //add color font formating data WritableFont wf_color = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL,10,WritableFont.NO_BOLD,false,UnderlineStyle.DOUBLE_ACCOUNTING,Colour.RED); WritableCellFormat wff_color = new WritableCellFormat(wf_color); wff_color.setBackground(Colour.GRAY_25); //set background coloe to gray Label label20 = new Label(2,0,"Label20",wff_color); ws.addCell(label20); //合并单元格 WritableFont wf_merge = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL,10,WritableFont.NO_BOLD,false,UnderlineStyle.DOUBLE_ACCOUNTING,Colour.GREEN); WritableCellFormat wff_merge = new WritableCellFormat(wf_merge); wff_merge.setBackground(Colour.BLACK); Label label30 = new Label(3,0,"Label30",wff_merge); ws.addCell(label30); Label label40 = new Label(4,0,"Label40"); ws.addCell(label40); Label label50 = new Label(5,0,"Label50"); ws.addCell(label50); //合并 (0,3) (4,0) //attention : 如果合并后面的列不为空,那么就把后面格的内容清空,格式也是按前一个单元格的格式 ws.mergeCells(3,0,4,0); //添加Number格式数据 jxl.write.Number labelN = new jxl.write.Number(0, 1, 3.1415926); ws.addCell(labelN); //添加带有formatting的Number对象 jxl.write.NumberFormat nf = new jxl.write.NumberFormat("#.##"); jxl.write.WritableCellFormat wcfN = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(nf); jxl.write.Number labelNF = new jxl.write.Number(1, 1, 3.1415926, wcfN); ws.addCell(labelNF); //添加Boolean对象 jxl.write.Boolean labelBoolean = new jxl.write.Boolean(2,1,false); ws.addCell(labelBoolean); //添加DateTime对象 DateTime labelDT = new DateTime(3,1,new Date()); ws.addCell(labelDT); //添加带有格式的DataTime数据 DateFormat dtf = new DateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"); WritableCellFormat wcfDt = new WritableCellFormat(dtf); wcfDt.setBackground(Colour.YELLOW); DateTime labelDT_format = new DateTime(4,1,new java.util.Date(),wcfDt); ws.addCell(labelDT_format); ws.mergeCells(4,1,5,1); //比较长,用两列来显示wwb.write(); wwb.close(); } catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } catch(WriteException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 如何更新Excel文件 * @param fileName */ public static void updateExcel(String fileName){ try{ jxl.Workbook rw = jxl.Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(fileName)); WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(fileName),rw); //这里其实执行的是一次copy操作,把文件先读到内存中,修改后再保存覆盖原来的文件来实现update操作 WritableSheet ws = wwb.getSheet(0); WritableCell wc = ws.getWritableCell(0,0); if( wc.getType() == CellType.LABEL){ Label l = (Label)wc; l.setString(wc.getContents()+"_new"); } wwb.write(); wwb.close(); } catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } catch(WriteException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } catch(BiffException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 如何copy Excel文件 * @param fileName */ public static void copyExcel(String sourFileName,String destFileName){ try{ jxl.Workbook rw = jxl.Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(sourFileName)); WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(destFileName),rw); wwb.write(); wwb.close(); } catch(IOException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } catch(WriteException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } catch(BiffException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String [] argv){ //OperateExcel.readExcel("E:\\test.xls"); //OperateExcel.createExcelFile("E:\\test1.xls"); //OperateExcel.updateExcel("E:\\test.xls"); OperateExcel.copyExcel("E:\\test.xls","E:\\moon.xls"); } }
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