VirtualBox 版本：7.0
虚拟机版本：CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1804_2.iso
宿主机版本：Windows 10-21H2
VirtualBox 和 虚拟机安装
省略~
VirtualBox 配置
在虚拟机的【设置】选项中配置两张网卡，图下图所示，网卡一用来上外网，网卡二用来宿主机和虚拟机互通；
宿主机配置
在宿主机的网络配置中可以看到有两张网卡，配置如下
虚拟机配置
在 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts 下我们可以看到有 ifcfg-enp* 的几个网卡
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/sysconfig/network-scriptsifcfg-enp0s3 ifdown-bnep ifdown-isdn ifdown-sit ifupifup-ippp ifup-plusb ifup-sit ifup-wirelessifcfg-enp0s8 ifdown-eth ifdown-post ifdown-Teamifup-aliases ifup-ipv6 ifup-post ifup-Teaminit.ipv6-globalifcfg-loifdown-ippp ifdown-pppifdown-TeamPort ifup-bnepifup-isdn ifup-pppifup-TeamPort network-functionsifdown ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-routes ifdown-tunnel ifup-ethifup-plip ifup-routes ifup-tunnel network-functions-ipv6
ifcfg-enp0s3 内容如下
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3TYPE="Ethernet"PROXY_METHOD="none"BROWSER_ONLY="no"BOOTPROTO="dhcp"DEFROUTE="yes"IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"IPV6INIT="yes"IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"NAME="enp0s3"UUID="b68e88aa-c2b0-491d-b68a-ba42d5909da0"DEVICE="enp0s3"ONBOOT="yes"
ifcfg-enp0s8 内容如下，相对于 enp0s3 有以下差异
其实 VirtualBox 的网卡一相当于 enp0s3，网卡二相当于 enp0s8；BOOTPROTO：因为要固定 IP，所以这里改为了 static，如果不需要固定 IP 这里可以不变；IPADDR：因为要固定 IP，这里可以自行定义一个和宿主机上图中 IP 地址同网段的 IP 地址；GATEWAY：这里采用宿主机中网卡的 IP 地址作为网关地址，借用宿主机的这个新的网卡来让宿主机和虚拟机互通；DNS、NETMASK 需要如下所示即可；
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s8TYPE=EthernetPROXY_METHOD=noneBROWSER_ONLY=noBOOTPROTO=staticDEFROUTE=yesIPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=noIPV6INIT=yesIPV6_AUTOCONF=yesIPV6_DEFROUTE=yesIPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=noIPV6_ADDR_GEM_MODE=stable-privacyNAME=enp0s8UUID=89a26f7a-cff6-41c9-967d-f24d8a487656DEVICE=enp0s8ONBOOT=yesIPV6_PRIVACY=noIPADDR=192.168.56.66PREFIX=24GATEWAY=192.168.56.1NDS1=192.168.56.1NETMASK=255.255.255.0
当我们执行 ifconfig 时，会看到以下内容，包含了 enp0s3 和 enp0s8 的相关详细，和上述的两个文件一一对应，如果 enp0s8 不存在，可以尝试 ifconfig enp0s8 up 来启用网卡
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfigbr-333369dc300e: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.18.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.18.255.255inet6 fe80::42:b2ff:fefd:dd65 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>ether 02:42:b2:fd:dd:65 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 10.0.2.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.2.255inet6 fe80::aa2:ef4e:8e39:f70e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>ether 08:00:27:77:8d:18 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)RX packets 1445586277 bytes 99534207139 (92.6 GiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 724852849 bytes 80007504058 (74.5 GiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0enp0s8: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 192.168.56.66 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.56.255inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe20:15a5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>ether 08:00:27:20:15:a5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)RX packets 8234963 bytes 11649264390 (10.8 GiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 911044 bytes 11576 (192.2 MiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)RX packets 1671278 bytes 133346849 (127.1 MiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 1671278 bytes 133346849 (127.1 MiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
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