android 以音频播放器为例实现通知栏显示通知 并实现切歌 暂停 播放 并实现加载

首先先给大家看下效果

接下来我们看下具体如何实施

1、首先我们创建一个音频的单例对象，这样能保证每次在播放的的音频是唯一的（类名如：MediaPlayerUtil.java）

package xxx;import android.media.AudioManager;import android.media.MediaPlayer;import android.util.Log;import xx.activity.couxrse.SoundPlayerActivity;import xx.model.bo.AudioBo;import java.util.List;/**** 音频播放器*/public class MediaPlayerUtil {private int index=0; // 记录音频重新被加载时上次选中的条目下标,对应集合的下标private String path; // 对应集合下标index在数据中的音频private String title;private int duration; // 时长private List<AudioBo> audioBoList;private MediaPlayer mPlayer;// 类初始化的时候立即加载该对象private static MediaPlayerUtil mediaPlayerInstance;// 私有化构造器public MediaPlayerUtil() {}// 提供该对象的获取方法(单例模式)public synchronized static MediaPlayerUtil getInstance() {if(mediaPlayerInstance == null){mediaPlayerInstance = new MediaPlayerUtil();}return mediaPlayerInstance;}public int getIndex() {return index;}public void setIndex(int index) {this.index = index;}public String getPath() {return path;}public void setPath(String path) {this.path = path;}public String getTitle() { return title; }public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; }public int getDuration() { return duration; }public void setDuration(int duration) { this.duration = duration; }public List<AudioBo> getAudioBoList() { return audioBoList; }public void setAudioBoList(List<AudioBo> audioBoList) { this.audioBoList = audioBoList; }public MediaPlayer getmPlayer() { return mPlayer; }public void setmPlayer(MediaPlayer mPlayer) { this.mPlayer = mPlayer; }//播放方法public void play() {if(mPlayer!=null){mPlayer.stop();mPlayer.release(); // 释放相关的资源。mPlayer=null;}try {mPlayer = new MediaPlayer();// 设置指定的流媒体地址mPlayer.setDataSource(path);// 设置音频流的类型mPlayer.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC);/* 准备播放 */mPlayer.prepare();mPlayer.start();mPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(new MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener() {@Overridepublic void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {System.out.println(title+"播放完毕");Log.d("tag", title+"播放完毕");index=index+1;path=audioBoList.get(index).getUrl();title=audioBoList.get(index).getTitle();System.out.println("准备播放"+title);Log.d("tag", "准备播放"+title);play();//根据需要添加自己的代码。。。if(NotifityActivity.getInstace()!=null){NotifityActivity.getInstace().updateUI();}}});} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}public void replay(String path){if (mPlayer != null && mPlayer.isPlaying()) {mPlayer.seekTo(0);return;}play();}//暂停public void pause() {mPlayer.pause();}//判断是否正在播放中public boolean isplay() {return mPlayer.isPlaying();}//获取播放时长public long getduring() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubreturn mPlayer.getDuration();}//停止public void stop() {if(mPlayer!=null){mPlayer.stop();}}public void setPosition (int position) {mPlayer.seekTo(position);//重新设定播放进度}/*** 关闭播放器*/public void closeMedia() {if (mPlayer != null ) {mPlayer.stop();mPlayer.release(); // 释放相关的资源。mPlayer=null;}}}

2、音频实体类

private Long id;private String catalog; // 类别private String title; // 标题private int count; // 播放次数private int duration; // 时长private String publishTime; // 发布时间private String url; // 地址private String createTime; // 创建时间private String updateTime; // 更新时间private int delFlag;// 是否删除private String imgUrl; // 相对应的背景图路径

3、添加一个service服务类，增加音频后台播放功能

package xx.activity.course.audio;import android.app.Service;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.Binder;import android.os.IBinder;public class MediaService extends Service {public class MusicController extends Binder {}/*** 当绑定服务的时候，自动回调这个方法* 返回的对象可以直接操作Service内部的内容* @param intent* @return*/@Overridepublic IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {return new MusicController();}@Overridepublic void onCreate() {super.onCreate();}/*** 任意一次unbindService()方法，都会触发这个方法* 用于释放一些绑定时使用的资源* @param intent* @return*/@Overridepublic boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {return super.onUnbind(intent);}}

4、在AndroidManifest.xml 加入以下代码

<service android:name="文件路径"android:enabled="true"android:exported="true"/>

5、创建广播类(BroadcastReceiver) 实现对通知栏点击事件的实现以及回调(静态注册)

package xx.activity.course.audio;import android.app.NotificationManager;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.media.MediaPlayer;import android.widget.Toast;import xx.activity.course.SoundPlayerActivity;import xx.fragment.classroom.holder.HomeAudioHolder;import xx.media.MediaPlayerUtil;/** 通知栏--点击事件之调用广播实现相对应点击事件的逻辑处理* */public class NotificationClickReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {public static final String TYPE = "type"; //这个type是为了Notification更新信息的private MediaPlayerUtil mediaPlayerUtil;private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;private int postion;private int endIndex;private Context context;@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();this.context = context;mediaPlayerUtil = MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();endIndex = mediaPlayerUtil.getAudioBoList().size() - 1;int type = intent.getIntExtra(TYPE, -1);if (type != -1) {NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);notificationManager.cancel(type);}if (action.equals("stop")) {//处理停止或播放点击事件mediaPlayerUtil = MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();if (mediaPlayerUtil.getmPlayer()!=null && mediaPlayerUtil.isplay()) {mediaPlayerUtil.stop();} else {mediaPlayerUtil.setPath(mediaPlayerUtil.getAudioBoList().get(mediaPlayerUtil.getIndex()).getUrl());mediaPlayerUtil.play();}}if (action.equals("next")) {mediaPlayerUtil.stop();mediaPlayerUtil = MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();int index = mediaPlayerUtil.getIndex();if ((index + 1) > endIndex) {Toast.makeText(context, "已经是最后一首了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return;}postion = index + 1;mediaPlayerUtil.setIndex(postion);mediaPlayerUtil.setPath(mediaPlayerUtil.getAudioBoList().get(postion).getUrl());mediaPlayerUtil.setTitle(mediaPlayerUtil.getAudioBoList().get(postion).getTitle());mediaPlayerUtil.play();}if (action.equals("last")) {mediaPlayerUtil.stop();mediaPlayerUtil = MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();//处理上一首int index = mediaPlayerUtil.getIndex();if ((index - 1) < 0) {Toast.makeText(context, "已经是第一首了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return;}postion = index - 1;mediaPlayerUtil.setIndex(postion);mediaPlayerUtil.setPath(mediaPlayerUtil.getAudioBoList().get(postion).getUrl());mediaPlayerUtil.setTitle(mediaPlayerUtil.getAudioBoList().get(postion).getTitle());mediaPlayerUtil.play();}// 关闭通知栏if (action.equals("notification_cancelled")) {NotifityActivity.getInstace().closeNotifi();return;}// 更新音频页通知栏if (NotifityActivity.getInstace() != null) {NotifityActivity.getInstace().updateUI();}}}

5、在AndroidManifest.xml 加入以下代码

<!--通知栏广播 --><receiver android:name="xx.activity.course.audio.NotificationClickReceiver"android:enabled="true"android:exported="true"><intent-filter><action android:name="notification_cancelled"/><action android:name="next"/><action android:name="stop"/><action android:name="last"/></intent-filter></receiver>

6、创建通知栏远程视图(RemoteViews)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="/apk/res/android"xmlns:app="/apk/res-auto"xmlns:tools="/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="100dp"><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"><!-- 音乐播放器 --><FrameLayoutandroid:layout_width="100dp"android:layout_height="100dp"><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/bgmmMusicImageView"android:layout_width = "match_parent"android:layout_height = "match_parent"android:scaleType="centerCrop"android:background="@drawable/test"/><!-- 这里的background设置成了浅色，图标设置为深色，效果是：在白色的通知栏上图标颜色为深色，在深色图标显示的图标则为浅色，因为不同手机的通知栏背景色并不是一致的，大概分为两种，白色或黑色，我们这里设置成统一的 --></FrameLayout><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"android:background="@color/base_F3F3F3"android:paddingTop="5dp"><!--<LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_marginRight="20dp"android:layout_gravity="right"><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/audio_close_btn"android:layout_width="30dp"android:layout_height="30dp"android:layout_alignParentRight="true"android:background="@drawable/player_icon_plays" /></LinearLayout>--><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_weight="1"android:layout_height="wrap_content"><RelativeLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:paddingTop="5dp"android:paddingRight="10dp"><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/musicTitleTextView"android:layout_width="200dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:gravity="center_vertical"android:ellipsize="marquee"android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever"android:singleLine="false"android:focusable="true"android:paddingLeft="15dp"android:textColor="@color/black"android:text="头条"android:textSize="14sp" /><ImageViewandroid:layout_alignParentRight="true"android:id="@+id/audio_close_btn"android:layout_width="20dp"android:layout_height="20dp"android:background="@drawable/player_icon_close"android:gravity="right" /></RelativeLayout></LinearLayout><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="50dp"android:gravity="center_vertical"android:orientation="horizontal"><!--上一首--><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_weight="1"android:gravity="center"android:orientation="vertical"><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/lastImageView"android:layout_width="20dp"android:layout_height="20dp"android:background="@drawable/player_icon_last" />/></LinearLayout><!-- 播放/暂停 --><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_weight="1"android:gravity="center"android:orientation="vertical"><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/stopImageView"android:layout_width="20dp"android:layout_height="20dp" /></LinearLayout><!-- 下一首 --><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_weight="1"android:gravity="center"android:orientation="vertical"><ImageViewandroid:id="@+id/nextImageView"android:layout_width="20dp"android:layout_height="20dp"android:background="@drawable/player_icon_next" /></LinearLayout></LinearLayout></LinearLayout></LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

7、对应的activity中的设置

package com.lidou.quke.activity.course.audio;import android.app.Notification;import android.app.NotificationChannel;import android.app.NotificationManager;import android.app.PendingIntent;import ponentName;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.ServiceConnection;import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.media.AudioManager;import android.media.MediaPlayer;import android.os.Build;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.IBinder;import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.RemoteViews;import com.bumptech.glide.Glide;import com.bumptech.glide.request.target.NotificationTarget;import com.xx.R;import xx.activity.BusinessActivity;import com.xx.media.MediaPlayerUtil;import com.xx.model.bo.AudioBo;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/** 音频列表activity* */public class NotifityActivity extends BusinessActivity implements ServiceConnection {private static final int SDK_PAY_FLAG = 1;private final static String TAG = "加载SoundPlayerActivity类";private Button mbutton;private MediaPlayer mPlayer;// 这里如果不设置为-1 的话，默认是0，会造成进入列表第一条数据就显示为播放状态private int thisPosition;String channelId = "音频会话";//渠道idprivate MediaPlayerUtil mediaPlayerUtil;private Notification notification;private RemoteViews contentView;private NotificationTarget notificationTarget;private AudioManager mAudioManager;// 检索了NotifityActivity的运行实例，以方便广播接收成功时处理activity相对应的逻辑处理(如：更新UI)private static NotifityActivity notifityActivity;public static NotifityActivity getInstace() {return notifityActivity;}@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);notifityActivity = this;setContentView(R.layout.acs);Intent intent = new Intent(this, MediaService.class);//增加StartService，来增加后台播放功能startService(intent);bindService(intent, this, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);// 这里只是用来做测试数据List<AudioBo> audioBoList=new ArrayList<AudioBo>();AudioBo audioBo=new AudioBo();int a1 = 0;long b1 = (int)a1;audioBo.setId(b1);audioBo.setTitle("音频1");audioBo.setUrl("音频路径地址");audioBo.setImgUrl("网络图片地址");audioBoList.add(audioBo);AudioBo audioBo2=new AudioBo();int a = 1;long b = (int)a;audioBo2.setId(b);audioBo2.setTitle("音频2");audioBo2.setUrl("音频路径地址");audioBo2.setImgUrl("网络图片地址");audioBoList.add(audioBo2);mediaPlayerUtil=MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();mediaPlayerUtil.setAudioBoList(audioBoList);initView();}private void initView() {// 我这里是在一个页面中的button事件唤起通知栏mbutton=findViewById(R.id.notifyButton);mbutton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {mediaPlayerUtil=MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();// 调用通知栏加载方法initNotificationBar(); // 1.上下文 2.图标控件的ResID 2.RemoteView ,4 Notification 5 Notification_IDnotificationTarget = new NotificationTarget(mContext, R.id.bgmmMusicImageView, contentView, notification, R.string.app_name);Glide.with(mContext).asBitmap().load(mediaPlayerUtil.getAudioBoList().get(0).getImgUrl()).placeholder(R.drawable.test).into(notificationTarget);}});//1 初始化AudioManager对象mAudioManager = (AudioManager) getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);//2 申请焦点(关闭其它音频通道)mAudioManager.requestAudioFocus(mAudioFocusChange, AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, AudioManager.AUDIOFOCUS_GAIN);mediaPlayerUtil = MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();if (mediaPlayerUtil != null) {thisPosition = mediaPlayerUtil.getIndex();}}@Overridepublic void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {}@Overridepublic void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {}@Overridepublic void onPointerCaptureChanged(boolean hasCapture) {}/** 创建自定义远程视图RemoteView* */private void initRemoteView() {contentView = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.audio_music_notifi);// 远程视图mediaPlayerUtil = MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.musicTitleTextView, mediaPlayerUtil.getAudioBoList().get(mediaPlayerUtil.getIndex()).getTitle());contentView.setImageViewResource(R.id.audio_close_btn, R.drawable.player_icon_close);contentView.setImageViewResource(R.id.lastImageView, R.drawable.player_icon_last);contentView.setImageViewResource(R.id.nextImageView, R.drawable.player_icon_next);contentView.setImageViewResource(R.id.stopImageView, R.drawable.player_icon_stop);if (mediaPlayerUtil.getmPlayer()!=null && mediaPlayerUtil.isplay()) {contentView.setImageViewResource(R.id.stopImageView, R.drawable.player_icon_plays);} else {contentView.setImageViewResource(R.id.stopImageView, R.drawable.player_icon_stop);}// 实现停止/播放Intent intentStop = new Intent("stop");PendingIntent pIntentStop = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, intentStop, 0);contentView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.stopImageView, pIntentStop);//下一首事件Intent intentNext = new Intent("next");//发送播放下一曲的通知PendingIntent pIntentNext = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, intentNext, 0);contentView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.nextImageView, pIntentNext);//上一首事件Intent intentLast = new Intent("last");//发送播放上一曲的通知PendingIntent pIntentLast = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, intentLast, 0);contentView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.lastImageView, pIntentLast);// 关闭通知栏Intent intentCancelled = new Intent("notification_cancelled");PendingIntent pIntentCancelled = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, intentCancelled, 0);contentView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.audio_close_btn, pIntentCancelled);}/** 创建通知栏* */private void initNotificationBar() {initRemoteView();NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);notification=new Notification();Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, NotificationClickReceiver.class); // 创建一个跳转到活动页面的意图PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(NotifityActivity.this, R.string.app_name, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);Notification.Builder builder = null; // 创建一个通知消息的构造器// 判断是否是android 8以上的版本，因为从8.0版本后唤起通知栏必须要填写渠道id和渠道if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {String description = "有趣,有用,有未来";int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW;//重要性级别// getPackageName() 获取APP渠道名称NotificationChannel mChannel = new NotificationChannel(channelId, "音频", importance);mChannel.setDescription(description);//渠道描述manager.createNotificationChannel(mChannel);//创建通知渠道mChannel.setSound(null,null);builder = new Notification.Builder(this, channelId);builder.setContentIntent(pendingIntent).setCustomContentView(contentView).setCustomBigContentView(contentView).setShowWhen(false).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon) // 必填.build();notification = builder.build();}else{ // 这里要兼顾android 8以下的版本NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(mContext,channelId);notificationBuilder.setCustomBigContentView(contentView).setCustomContentView(contentView).setContentIntent(pendingIntent).setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon).build();notification = notificationBuilder.build();}notification.flags = notification.FLAG_NO_CLEAR;//设置通知点击或滑动时不被清除*/manager.notify(R.string.app_name, notification);}/*** [获取应用程序版本名称信息]** @param context* @return 当前应用的版本名称*/public static synchronized String getPackageName(Context context) {try {PackageManager packageManager = context.getPackageManager();PackageInfo packageInfo = packageManager.getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(), 0);return packageInfo.packageName;} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}@Overrideprotected void onDestroy() {unbindService(this);super.onDestroy();}// 调用广播回调来更新activity中相关事件public void updateUI() {NotifityActivity.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {public void run() {initView();initNotificationBar();mediaPlayerUtil = MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();boolean isdestory;if (mActivity== null || mActivity.isFinishing() || (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1 && mActivity.isDestroyed())) {isdestory=true;} else {isdestory=false;}// 由于图片使用Glide异步加载图片activity已销毁时时发生的崩溃if(isdestory==false){// 此处为Glide的notificationTarget回调,当网络图片加载成功更新通知栏相对应控件的图像notificationTarget = new NotificationTarget(mContext, R.id.bgmmMusicImageView, contentView, notification, R.string.app_name);// 加载网络图片Glide.with(mContext).asBitmap().load(mediaPlayerUtil.getAudioBoList().get(mediaPlayerUtil.getIndex()).getImgUrl()).placeholder(R.drawable.test).into(notificationTarget);}mAudioManager.abandonAudioFocus(mAudioFocusChange);}});}/** 关闭、清楚通知栏* */public void closeNotifi() {NotifityActivity.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {public void run() {mediaPlayerUtil = MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();mediaPlayerUtil.closeMedia();mAudioManager.abandonAudioFocus(mAudioFocusChange);NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);manager.cancel(R.string.app_name);}});}// 焦点监听AudioManager.OnAudioFocusChangeListener mAudioFocusChange = new AudioManager.OnAudioFocusChangeListener() {@Overridepublic void onAudioFocusChange(int focusChange) {mediaPlayerUtil=MediaPlayerUtil.getInstance();if(focusChange==AudioManager.AUDIOFOCUS_LOSS) {//长时间丢失焦点,当其他应用如播放QQ音乐，网易云音乐播放时if (mediaPlayerUtil.isplay()) {closeNotifi();}mAudioManager.abandonAudioFocus(mAudioFocusChange);}else if(focusChange== AudioManager.AUDIOFOCUS_LOSS_TRANSIENT) {if (mediaPlayerUtil.isplay()) {mediaPlayerUtil.stop();updateUI();}}}};}

再次捋下思路，

1、通知栏实现音频播放，主要使用到的是MediaPlayer播放器，

2、切歌我这里主要用到的是 静态广播来实现对通知栏点击事件的逻辑处理

3、加载网络图片主要用到的是Glide的NotificationTarget对象来及时更新相对应的图像，这里需要注意的是由于图片使用Glide异步加载图片，一定要在合适的地方去判断activity是否已销毁，不然会发生崩溃报错

4、在广播里触发不同的事件时，有时需要通知栏的图标或样式发生改变，那如何保证及时更新呢，我这里是在activity里创建一个它的实例，并写一个更新通知栏UI的方法，在广播需要用到的地方调用即可

5，说到音频就不得不说如何在播放自己项目的时候或接听电话、视频时关闭音频，或关闭第三方的音频了，这里主要要到的是AudioManager(音频管理器)

至此一个完整的通知栏实现音频播放示例已完成，我也是第一次写，关于中间的service服务还不是很了解，代码还有很大的优化空间，具体到大家的项目中可根据需要灵活放入改变就好，如果您有更好的更简洁的方法，也欢迎分享，如果代码有哪里写的不好，更欢迎大家指正，

android 以音频播放器为例实现通知栏显示通知 并实现切歌 暂停 播放 并实现加载网络图片 并实现关闭第三方APP音频

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