本文主要介绍了linux shell 中判断文件、目录是否存在的方法，分享给大家
-e filename 如果 filename存在，则为真
-d filename 如果 filename为目录，则为真
-f filename 如果 filename为常规文件，则为真
-L filename 如果 filename为符号链接，则为真
-r filename 如果 filename可读，则为真
-w filename 如果 filename可写，则为真
-x filename 如果 filename可执行，则为真
-s filename 如果文件长度不为0，则为真
-h filename 如果文件是软链接，则为真
常用例子
如果存在某文件，则删除
if [ -f trials ]; then rm ${result_path}trials; fi
如果没有文件夹，则创建
if [ ! -d $result_name ];then
mkdir -p $result_name
fi
shell命令判断文件或文件夹是否存在，先直接看实例：
#!/bin/sh
#判断文件存在，判断是否为文件夹等
testPath="/Volumes/MacBookProHD/Mr.Wen/08 shell命令"
testFile="/Volumes/MacBookProHD/Mr.Wen/08 shell命令/fileWen"
#判断文件夹是否存在 -d
if [[ ! -d "$testPath" ]]; then
echo "文件夹不存在"
else
echo "文件夹存在"
fi
#判断文件夹是否存在，并且具有可执行权限
if [[ ! -x "$testFile" ]]; then
echo "文件不存在并且没有可执行权限"
else
echo "文件存在并有可执行权限"
fi
#判断文件是否存在
if [[ ! -f "$testFile" ]]; then
echo "文件不存在"
else
echo "文件存在"
fi
在shell命令脚本编写当中，会遇到各种对文件的判断，除了以上常用的判断，还有其他的可以使用，如下：
Conditional Logic on Files
-a file exists.
-b file exists and is a block special file.
-c file exists and is a character special file.
-d file exists and is a directory.
-e file exists (just the same as -a).
-f file exists and is a regular file.
-g file exists and has its setgid(2) bit set.
-G file exists and has the same group ID as this process.
-k file exists and has its sticky bit set.
-L file exists and is a symbolic link.
-n string length is not zero.
-o Named option is set on.
-O file exists and is owned by the user ID of this process.
-p file exists and is a first in, first out (FIFO) special file or
named pipe.
-r file exists and is readable by the current process.
-s file exists and has a size greater than zero.
-S file exists and is a socket.
-t file descriptor number fildes is open and associated with a
terminal device.
-u file exists and has its setuid(2) bit set.
-w file exists and is writable by the current process.
-x file exists and is executable by the current process.
-z string length is zero.
shell 判断文件内容是否改变
判断文件内容是否改变：
1)md5值判断
2)diff 判断
#添加日志时间戳
function fn_showlog()
{
local curtime;
curtime=`date +"%Y%m%d-%H:%M:%S"`
echo "$curtime ------ $1";
}
#判断文件内容是否一致
function diff_file(){
for file in `ls $1`
do
if [ ! -f "$2$file" ];then
fn_showlog "存在新增文件：$2$file"
return 0
else
diff $file $2$file
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
fn_showlog "文件内容发生变化：$file"
return 0
fi
fi
done
return 1
}
diff_file "python*Ip" "/home/admin/tools/"
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
fn_showlog "内容发生改变......"
else
fn_showlog "内容未发生改变，退出脚本!"
exit 0
fi
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