最近在重温JavaWeb基础内容，碰到了之前也时常遇到的中文乱码问题，想着反正是经常要处理的，不如当即就把它整理出来放在博客里，省得遇到时再去到处搜。
1.Post请求乱码的解决方案:
手工创建一个过滤器实现javax.servlet.Filter接口:
public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {@Overridepublic void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {}@Overridepublic void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {//解决以Post方式提交的中文乱码问题request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); chain.doFilter(request, response);}@Overridepublic void destroy() {}}
在web.xml中配置该过滤器:
<filter><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>cn.lby.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>
当然，实际开发中一般不会去自己做这个Filter，都是利用框架里封装好的，传参也能通过配置来完成，十分方便，比如spring通常我们会在web.xml中写入下面的代码:
<filter><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>
2.Get请求乱码的解决方案:
在字符过滤器中使用动态代理解决中文乱码:
public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {@Overridepublic void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {}@Overridepublic void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {//解决以Post方式提交的中文乱码问题request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");ServletRequest requestProxy = getHttpServletRequestProxy((HttpServletRequest)request);chain.doFilter(requestProxy, response);}@Overridepublic void destroy() {}/*** @Method: getHttpServletRequestProxy* @Description: 获取HttpServletRequest对象的代理对象* @param request* @return HttpServletRequest对象的代理对象*/ private ServletRequest getHttpServletRequestProxy(final HttpServletRequest request){ServletRequest proxy = (ServletRequest) Proxy.newProxyInstance(CharacterEncodingFilter.class.getClassLoader(),request.getClass().getInterfaces(),new InvocationHandler(){@Overridepublic Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args)throws Throwable {//如果请求方式是get并且调用的是getParameter方法if (request.getMethod().equalsIgnoreCase("get") && method.getName().equals("getParameter")) {//调用getParameter方法获取参数的值String value = (String) method.invoke(request, args);if(value==null){return null;}//解决以get方式提交的中文乱码问题return new String(value.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"UTF-8");}else {//直接调用相应的方法进行处理return method.invoke(request, args);}}});//返回HttpServletRequest对象的代理对象return proxy;}}
如果觉得上面的方式太繁琐，也可以通过修改 tomcat 的 server.xml 配置文件:
<Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/>
改成:
<Connector connectionTimeout="20000" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443" useBodyEncodingForURI="true"/>
注:如果是ajax发起的get请求中文依然会乱码，这时候需要把 useBodyEncodingForURI="true" 改为 URIEncoding="UTF-8" 。
下面是测试两种乱码问题解决方案的 demo ，如果懒得写可以参考一下:
首先是jsp页面:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>使用字符过滤器解决解决get、post请求方式下的中文乱码问题</title>body {text-align: center;padding: 60px 150px;margin-right: 150px;line-height: 2.0em;}</head><body><%--使用get的方式访问 --%><a onclick="myClick()" href="javascript:void(0)">超链接(get方式请求)</a><hr/><form action="EncodingServlet" method="post">用户名：<input type="text" name="username" value="彬爷" /><input type="submit" value="post方式提交"></form><script type="text/javascript">function myClick() {window.location.href = "EncodingServlet?username=彬爷"; }</script></body></html>
后台服务:
public class EncodingServlet extends HttpServlet {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;/*** @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()*/public EncodingServlet() {super();}/*** @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)*/protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {String username = request.getParameter("username");String method = request.getMethod();PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();System.out.println("请求方式为：" + method);out.write("请求方式为：" + method);out.write("<br/>");System.out.println("请求参数为：" + username);out.write("请求参数为：" + username);}/*** @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)*/protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {doGet(request, response);}}
web.xml 中的 Servlet 配置我这里就不发了。
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