摘要：本篇博文基于MATLABa进行GUI设计。
1.启动GUI设计
命令行输入guide，回车。
即可得到下面的对话框，进行相关的选择和设置
点击确定，得到两个文件，一个是.m文件，另一个是.fig文件，需要说明的是，.m文件用于编辑GUI中控件所需要的回调代码，.fig文件可以用鼠标拖拽等比较简单的操作进行初始的界面设计。
2..fig文件控件布局
本篇暂时涉及按钮、可编辑文本、静态文本、弹出式菜单、轴的实现，拖拽这些控件到界面中，可以点击绿色三角形运行GUI看看效果。
双击任意控件可以弹出控件的属性检查器，这里可以更改控件的初始属性，并且可以查看控件的tag值，用于回调程序的句柄调用。
3.GUI初始程序编写
3.1.初始程序是界面运行时最先执行的程序，用于对控件等的一些初始设置，该部分的代码应该添加在.m文件的test_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)函数中。
插入如下代码，使得可编辑文本失效
set(handles.edit1,'enable','off');
3.2.按钮程序编写，使得可编辑文本生效，右击按钮->查看回调->Callback，输入
set(handles.edit1,'enable','on');
3.3.可编辑文本程序编写，当可编辑文本框中输入文字后，在静态文本中显示出来
右击可编辑文本->查看回调->Callback，输入
set(handles.text1,'string',get(handles.edit1,'string'));
3.4.弹出式菜单编写
双击弹出式菜单，调出属性编辑器，进行以下操作
输入相应文字，点击确定。
该部分函数编写，右击弹出式菜单->查看回调->Callback，输入
3.5.轴部分程序编写
为了简单起见，这部分内容写在程序开头，作用是显示了一个正弦曲线
代码如下：
axes(handles.axes1)t=0:0.001:4*pi;f=sin(t);plot(t,f,'g')axis([0 4*pi -1 1])grid onxlabel('t')ylabel('sin(t)')title('正弦函数图像')legend('f=sin(t)')
至此，基本功能均可实现
4.总结
①每个控件均可在属性编辑器里面设置初始值；
②如果需要全局变量，在定义和使用的时候都需要写关键字global。
5.附上全部代码。
function varargout = test(varargin)% TEST MATLAB code for test.fig%TEST, by itself, creates a new TEST or raises the existing%singleton*.%%H = TEST returns the handle to a new TEST or the handle to%the existing singleton*.%%TEST('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local%function named CALLBACK in TEST.M with the given input arguments.%%TEST('Property','Value',...) creates a new TEST or raises the%existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are%applied to the GUI before test_OpeningFcn gets called. An%unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application%stop. All inputs are passed to test_OpeningFcn via varargin.%%*See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one%instance to run (singleton)".%% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help test% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 26-Jan- 16:20:09% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDITgui_Singleton = 1;gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @test_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn', @test_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...'gui_Callback', []);if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});end% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before test is made visible.function test_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% varargin command line arguments to test (see VARARGIN)set(handles.edit1,'enable','off');axes(handles.axes1)t=0:0.001:4*pi;f=sin(t);plot(t,f,'g')axis([0 4*pi -1 1])grid onxlabel('t')ylabel('sin(t)')title('正弦函数图像')legend('f=sin(t)')% Choose default command line output for testhandles.output = hObject;% Update handles structureguidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes test wait for user response (see UIRESUME)% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = test_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);% hObject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structurevarargout{1} = handles.output;% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)set(handles.edit1,'enable','on');function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)set(handles.text1,'string',get(handles.edit1,'string'));% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end% --- Executes on selection change in popupmenu1.function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)str = get(handles.popupmenu1, 'String');val = get(handles.popupmenu1,'Value');switch str{val};case '选项一'set(handles.text1,'string','选项一触发');case '选项二'set(handles.text1,'string','选项二触发');case '选项三'set(handles.text1,'string','选项三触发');end% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns popupmenu1 contents as cell array% contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from popupmenu1% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function popupmenu1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: popupmenu controls usually have a white background on Windows.% See ISPC and COMPUTER.if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');end
相关下载如下：
test.fig
test.m
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