本文介绍不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语
不定式作补语的情形
如下图：
Moli 说：
简而言之，以上是基础固定搭配，不断重复达到长久记忆。
现在、过去分词做宾补
现在分词和过去分词可以放在感官动词和使役动词后面作宾语补足语，结合各种情形，我们现对常考的感官动词和使役动词的用法总结如下：
·Let
句型：
①let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
②letsb. / sth.be done 让某人 / 某事被
例句：
①let the bullet fly.
②let the work be finished on time.
Moli 说：
大家注意下，没有 letsb. / sth.done的句型结构。
· Make
句型：
①make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
②make sb. / sth. done 让某人 / 某事被
例句：
①You can"t make everyone feel satisfied.
②The teacher had to shout to make himself heard.
Moli 说：
大家注意下，没有 make sb. doing sth.的句型结构。
·Have
句型：
①have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
②have sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
③havesb. / sth.done 让某人 / 某事被……
例句：
①Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.
②It"s rude of you to have an old man waiting in the rain for two hours.
③I had my hair cut yesterday.
Moli 说：
大家注意下，havesb. / sth.done时，意味着动作不是由主语发出的，而是由别人完成。
·Get
句型：
① get sb. to do sth. 让某人去做某事
② get sb. doing sth. 让某人开始行动起来做某事
③ getsb. / sth.done 让某人 / 某事被……
例句：
①You will never get him to understand.
②The captain got the soldiers moving towards the destination after a short rest.
③I want to get my clothes washed in the laundromat.
Moli 说：
1. 当get sb./sth.done时，意味着动作不是由主语发出，而是由别人完成。
2. 当 get 作「得到」解时的句型
上面三个句型get 都作「使、让」解，当 get 作「得到」解时，有两个句型：
①get sth. to do 「有一些事情要做」
②getsth. to be done 「有一些事情要让别人去做」
例句：
① I"ve got a newbook to read. 我有一本新书要读。
② I"ve got aletter to be sent. 我有一封信要让人送出去。
·Leave
句型：
① leave sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
② leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事
③ leave sth.undone 留下某事未做
④ leave sth. to be done 留下某事要做
例句：
①It"s wrong of you to leave the machine running.
②He left me to do all the rest of the work.
③The guests left most of the dishes untouched, which made us really depressed.
④The boss suddenly went out, leaving many problems to be settled.
·感官动词
感官动词归其类可分为：
5 看：look at / see / watch / notice / observe
2 听：listen to / hear
1 感觉：feel
下面以see为例来分析：
句型：
① see sb.do sth. 看见某人做了某事（主动，完成）
② see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（主动，正在进行）
③ seesb. / sth.done 看见某人/某事被…… （被动，完成，或者不强调时间性）
④ seesb. / sth.being done 看见某人/某事正在被……
例句：
①I saw the little baby grow into a sweet girl.
②I saw the girl painting when I opened the door.
③I saw the old man greeted by a group of young men.
④I saw the waiter being scolded by the boss when I passed by the restaurant.
※※知识大总结※※
1、省略 to 的不定式做感官动词和使役动词的宾语补足语时，在改为被动语态时，to 要还原。
例如：
①I saw him dance. = He was seen to dance.
②The boss made them work the whole night. = They were made to work the whole night.
2、help之后作宾补的不定式符号 to 可以省略，help sb do 和 help sb. to do 都可；
hear / see / feel / watch 之后的宾补用 do 与 doing 时，含义不同，需特别注意。
试比较：
①I heard her crying when I walked past. 我路过时听到她正在哭。(指当时瞬间的情况)
②I sat near her and heard her sing the new song. 我坐在她附近听她唱新歌。(指整个过程)
3、只有不定式和分词可以做宾语补足语。
尽管动名词与现在分词的形式相同，但是动名词从本质上来讲，充当的是名词的功能，所以绝对不能做宾语补足语和状语。
试比较下列几组句子：
①Eating too muchis not good for your health. (动名词短语作主语)
②Seeingisbelieving. (动名词短语分别作主语和表语)
③He ran after amovingbus and got onto it. (现在分词作定语)
④His father saw himsitting on some eggs. (现在分词作宾补)
小试牛刀
1.We are not allowed drinks into the computer lab.(take)
2. Sometimes, a patient a get-well card is better than visiting him. (send)
3. The agent promised to keep the family members fully of any developments. (inform)
4. It is usually cheaper to have the goodsby sea than by air．(send)
重要提醒
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